硝酸还原酶活性响应的物种特异性  

A Study of Specific Response of Activities of Nitrate Reductase

作　　者：赵念席[1] 沈广爽[1] 石雪芹[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学生命科学学院,天津300071

出　　处：《实验室研究与探索》2014年第8期18-21,共4页Research and Exploration In Laboratory

基　　金：国家基础学科人才培养基金项目(J1103503)

摘　　要：硝酸还原酶(NR)是氮代谢中的一个关键酶,是植物营养或农田施肥的指标之一,也是品种选育的指标之一。除通过无N培养后,再添加NO-3来诱导测定NR的方法外,还通过不同N源培养后,再进行NO-3添加诱导来了解几种作物的NR活性的特异性。传统方法测定表明:NO-3添加能显著(P<0.05)提高辣椒(Capsicum annuum)、大白菜(Beassica pekinensis)、萝卜(Raphanus sativus)、玉米(Zea mays)和油菜(Brassica campestris)5种作物的NR活性,其中辣椒在对照组中的NR活性为0;无论有无NO-3添加处理,番茄(Lycopersicon esculintum)的NR活性为0,而小麦(Triticum aestivum)的NR活性均很高,诱导效果不显著。NH+4-N培养条件下,显著提高了NO-3添加对番茄和小麦NR活性的诱导效果;无论是NH+4-N培养还是NO-3-N培养,辣椒和小麦的对照组都能得到NR活性值,但在番茄中NR活性为0。以上结果表明无论是传统的无N培养,还是不同形态的N素培养,NR活性在不同植物间均存在显著差异,且NO-3添加诱导NR活性之间也存在差异,证明了NR活性诱导的物种特异性。Nitrate reductase （NR） is the key enzyme of nitrogen metabolism.It is very useful for plant nutrition or getting fertilizer,and very useful for breeding of variety.The characteristics of NR activity response were tested by not only traditional adding NO3^--into the non-N cultures but also adding NO3^--into different forms of N cultures.The NR activities in Capsicum annuum,Beassica pekinensis,Raphanus sativus,Zea mays,Brassica campestris were increased significantly by adding NO3^--into the non-N cultures,and the NR activity was zero in the control of Capsicum annuum.Whatever or not adding NO3^--into the non-N cultures,the NR activities were zero in Lycopersicon esculintum and were high in Triticum aestivum,but no difference was found between control and treatment.The NR activities of Lycopersicon esculintum and Triticum aestivum were increased significantly by adding NO3^--into the NH4^＋-N cultures.Whatever in the NH4^＋-N cultures and NO3^--N cultures,NR activities could be tested in the control of Capsicum annuum and Triticum aestivum,and the NR activities were zero in the control of Lycopersicon esculintum.The results mentioned above indicated that the response of NR activities was significant different among plant species to either adding NO3^--or different form of N cultures,which proved that the response of the NR activities were often characteristic of the species.These results would be most instructive in agricultural practice.Moreover,such experiment would improve the interesting of students in the process of the science researches and scientific exploration,which would be helpful for teaching reform.

关 键 词：硝酸还原酶 教学改革 综合实验 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]