基于流量和出租车GPS数据的城市道路网络宏观基本图  

Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram of Urban Road Network Based on Traffic Volume and Taxi GPS Data

作　　者：卢守峰[1] 王杰[1] 刘改红[2] 邵维[2] 

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学交通运输工程学院,湖南长沙410114 [2]贵阳职业技术学院轨道交通分院,贵州贵阳550009

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2014年第9期138-144,共7页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71071024);湖南省自然科学基金项目(12JJ2025);长沙市科技局重点项目(K1106004-11)

摘　　要：为把握城市宏观交通状况,发掘城市道路网络交通流内在特性,从而达到缓解日益严峻的交通问题的目的,对交叉口流量和出租车GPS两类数据进行数据融合,运用宏观基本图(MFD)和广义宏观基本图(GMFD)在城市道路网络中的存在性以及二者之间存在的差异,以路网平均车辆数、路网通行能力和密度分布为指标来描述MFD和GMFD,并提出一种利用路段流量和出租车GPS数据拟合得到MFD和GMFD的方法,发现路网中密度的不均匀分布是导致路网通行能力不高的原因。针对由长沙市13个道路交叉口组成的区域路网,分别计算出分小区和分路段的MFD特征值,提出了根据存储空间能力(即临界路网平均车辆数的大小)对拥堵路网进行合理分流的方法,实现高峰时期拥堵路段的路径诱导以及路网通行能力的最大化。In order to macroscopically manage urban traffic and analyse the inherent characteristic of urban traffic flow on road network,and reach the aim of alleviating increasingly serious traffic problems,we fused the traffic volume at intersection and taxi GPS dada. By using the existence and difference of MFD and GMFD in urban road network,we described MFD and GMFD by average number of vehicles on network,network capacity and density distribution,and proposed a method of deriving MFD and GMFD by link volume and taxi GPS data fitting. It is found that inhomogeneous distribution of density is one reason causing low network capacity. For the regional road network which consists of 13 intersections in Changsha,we calculated MFD eigenvalues for each sub-network and each link,then proposed a method for reasonably rerouting in a congested network using road storage space,i. e.,average vehicle number of critical network,to realize the traffic guidance on congestion links in peak period and maximizing network capacity.

关 键 词：交通工程 临界路网平均车辆数 宏观基本图 城市道路网络 密度分布 出租车GPS数据 

分 类 号：U491.2[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]