面神经肿瘤的诊断及治疗进展  

Facial Nerve Neuromas: Diagnosis and management

作　　者：王萌萌[1,2] 韩维举[1] 王若雅[1,3] 吴军[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军总医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,北京100853 [2]天津市第一中心医院,天津300192 [3]辽宁医学院附属第一医院,辽宁121001

出　　处：《中华耳科学杂志》2014年第3期396-401,共6页Chinese Journal of Otology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(项目编号:30973305;81170908)

摘　　要：目的探讨面神经肿瘤的临床特点、影像学特征、鉴别诊断、手术入路、肿瘤切除后面神经的修复方法和效果。方法通过检索Pubmed、Medline、LWW、Elsevier、Springer等英文数据库以及中国知网、维普等中文数据库,检索出2002年至今报道面神经肿瘤的文献,结合我们自己诊治的病例,对文献报道的面神经肿瘤病例进行归纳、总结及分析。结果共检索出文献23篇,报道的病例共计354例。354例面神经肿瘤患者的平均发病年龄是43.90岁,男女比例1:1.1。面瘫、听力下降、耳鸣是最常见的临床症状。354例患者中有271例报告了术前面神经功能H-B分级,其中H-BⅠ级113例,H-BⅡ级30例,H-BⅢ级38例,H-BⅣ级29例,H-BⅤ级29例,H-BⅥ级32例。面神经水平段、膝状神经节是最易受累部位。手术入路根据肿瘤位置及是否保留听力选择,乳突入路及迷路入路最常用。面神经修复方式根据面神经缺损长度、面神经中枢断端能否利用选择,耳大神经移植吻合是最常用的面神经修复方法。随访病例共208例,术后面神经功能H-BⅠ级34例,Ⅱ级27例,Ⅲ级76例,Ⅵ级48例,Ⅴ级6例,Ⅵ级17例。结论面瘫、听力下降、耳鸣是面神经肿瘤常见的临床症状,对于不明原因的特发性面瘫患者,要考虑面神经肿瘤的可能;面神经水平段及膝状神经节是肿瘤好发部位;手术入路要根据肿瘤的位置、大小以及是否保留残余听力来选择;术前面神经功能越好。Objective To discuss on clinical features, radiological characteristics, differential diagnosis and surgical approaches in treating facial nerve tumors and repairing the nerve, as well as treatment outcomes. Methods Cases of facial nerve tumor cases reported after 2002 in Pubmed, Medline, LWW, Elsevier, Springer, CKNI and CQVIP were reviewed in comparison to cases treated by the authors. Results A total of 23 reports were identified covering a total of 354 cases. The average onset age 43.90 years and sex ratio was 1：1.1. Facial palsy, hearing loss and tinnitus were the most common present-ing symptoms. In 271 of the 354 cases, facial nerve function before operation were reported （normal=113, House-Brackman grade II=30, H-B grade III=38, H-B grade IV=29, H-B grade V=29, H-B grade VI=32. The horizontal segment and geniculate ganglion were the most location of involvement. Surgical approach selection depended on tumor location and hear-ing level before operation. Mastoid and labyrinthine approach were commonly used. Facial nerve repairing method was dictat-ed by the length of facial nerve defect and the availability of facial nerve stump . Greater auricular nerve grafts were the most common material used to repair facial nerve in our cases. Of the 208 cases with followed-up data, facial function reached H-B grade I in 34 cases, H-B grade II in 27 cases, H-B grade III in 76 cases, H-B grade IV in 48 case s, H-B grade V in 6 cases and H-B grade VI in 17 cases. Conclusion Facial palsy, hearing loss and tinnitus are the most common symptoms in facial nerve tumors. The seemingly impossible facial nerve tumors must be considered in patients with facial palsy. The hori-zontal segment and geniculate ganglion are most often involved in facial nerve tumors. Selection of operation approach is de-termined by the location and site of the tumor and if residual hearing is to be preserved. Facial nerve repair should be consid-ered unless examination indicates complete loss of facial function and electromyography shows no action

关 键 词：面神经肿瘤 手术治疗 面神经修复 面神经功能 

分 类 号：R745.12[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] Q429.7[医药卫生—临床医学]