全球大洋季节内尺度上海-气相互作用特征分析  

Characteristics of intraseasonal air-sea interactions over global oceans

作　　者：席婧嫄 周磊[1,2] 姜良红[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]卫星海洋环境动力学国家重点实验室,浙江杭州310012 [2]国家海洋局第二海洋研究所,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《海洋学研究》2014年第3期1-8,共8页Journal of Marine Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目资助(2013CB430302);国家自然科学基金项目资助(41376034);国家海洋局第二海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项项目资助(JT1302)

摘　　要：判定局地海-气相互作用的特征对海-气耦合模式中应用哪种形式的"强迫模拟"具有重要指导作用。本文根据海表热通量异常与海表温度异常及海表温度变率之间的相关关系,对全球大洋季节内尺度上的海-气相互作用特征进行了综合分析。结果表明:(1)南、北半球亚热带地区海-气相互作用的特征主要表现为大气对海洋的强迫,且在夏季(北半球为6—8月,南半球为12—翌年2月)强迫作用的范围最大,冬季强迫作用的范围最小;(2)赤道中、东太平洋及赤道大西洋地区海-气相互作用的特征全年表现为海洋对大气的强迫,印度洋索马里沿岸、阿拉伯海以及孟加拉湾地区仅在6—8月表现出海洋强迫大气的现象,而孟加拉湾则在9—11月表现为大气强迫海洋;(3)45°N(S)以上的高纬度地区海表温度的异常和变率无法用局地热通量的交换来解释,这是因为该区域海表温度的变化主要由平流等海洋内部动力过程决定,因此海-气之间在季节内尺度上的相互作用不明显。在某些海区,季节内尺度上的海-气相互作用关系与季节以上时间尺度的这种关系可能会有明显不同。The force and response relation between the ocean and the atmosphere is critical for the development and diagnosis of the ocean and the atmosphere general circulation models（GCMs）. Based on the relationship between sea surface heat flux anomalies and sea surface temperature anomalies（SSTA）, the characteristics of intraseasonal air-sea interactions were analyzed over global oceans. The results show that the atmospheric forcing dominates in the subtropics. It is significant in the summer hemisphere, but not noticeable in the winter hemisphere. From the central to the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean and in the tropical Atlantic Ocean, SST forcing dominates throughout the year. Over the Indian Ocean, the performance of air-sea interaction differs with seasons. Along the coast of Somalia, over Arabian Sea, and over the Bay of Bengal, SST forcing dominates only from June to August. Instead, from September to November, atmospheric forcing takes the place of SST forcing and dominates over the Bay of Bengal. In the areas other than the above ones, the variability of SSTA or SSTA tendency has little connection with the surface heat flux, which suggests a decoupling between the ocean and the atmosphere in the intraseasonal band. Overall, the force and response relation between the ocean and the atmosphere in the intraseasonal band changes with seasons and locations. It can also differ from the ocean-atmosphere coupling in the seasonal time scale and longer time scales.

关 键 词：海-气相互作用 海-气热通量 海表温度异常 全球大洋 季节内变化 

分 类 号：P732.6[天文地球—海洋科学]