工作记忆刷新功能的可塑性  

The Plasticity of Working Memory Updating Ability

作　　者：赵鑫[1] 周仁来[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学心理学院,行为康复训练研究中心,兰州730070 [2]北京师范大学心理学院,应用实验心理北京市重点实验室,北京100875 [3]脑与学习协同创新中心,北京100875

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2014年第10期1521-1531,共11页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(31300838);教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目(13YJC190032);认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室开放课题(CNLYB1317);甘肃省高等学校科研项目(2013A-002)部分资助

摘　　要：从工作记忆刷新功能的训练入手,以不同人群为研究对象,采用活动记忆任务,从行为层面和认知神经层面探讨工作记忆刷新功能的可塑性。结果发现,工作记忆刷新功能具有可塑性。具体表现为,通过刷新功能训练,个体在工作记忆刷新任务上的成绩提高。工作记忆刷新功能训练使得个体对刺激的识别能力增强,对无关信息的抑制能力提高,进而促使工作记忆中的更新能力得到提升。通过工作记忆刷新训练可以提高个体其它认知功能,但是,相对于认知能力稳定以及衰退的个体,这种迁移效应在工作记忆能力发展个体中的表现更为明显。Using running working memory task combined with ERPs techniques and adopted different populations to investigate the plasticity of working memory updating function. It found that working memory updating ability has plasticity. In details, individuals＇ working memory updating task scores could increase through updating training. The results suggested that training firstly enhanced participants＇ recognition ability at the perceptual stage and then strengthened their capacity to inhibit irrelevant information and attended to the current target stimuli, which in turn improved the updating ability in working memory representation. Through working memory updating training, individuals＇ could improve its cognitive functions, but compared to which that in the recession stage of working memory ability, this kind of transfer effect could be more apparent on individuals＇ in the development stage of working memory ability.

关 键 词：工作记忆 刷新 训练 可塑性 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]