应用B-IBI和UAV遥感技术评价辽河上游生态健康  

Application of Benthic Index of Biotic Integrity and UAV Remote Sensing Technology to Assess Ecosystem Health of Upstream Section of Liaohe River

作　　者：梁婷[1] 朱京海[1,2] 徐光[3] 李润东[1] 可欣[1] 马云峰[1] 问鼎[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳航空航天大学能源与环境学院,辽宁沈阳110135 [2]辽宁省环境保护厅,辽宁沈阳110033 [3]辽宁省环境工程评估审核中心.辽宁沈阳110031

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2014年第10期1134-1142,共9页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07202-004-02);中华环境保护基金辽宁环境科研教育“123工程”(CEPF2010-123-2-11)

摘　　要：采用B-IBI(benthic index of biotic integrity,底栖动物完整性指数)结合UAV(unmanned aerial vehicle,无人机)遥感技术,对辽河保护区干流上游河流生态系统健康进行评价.根据16个采样点的UAV遥感正射影像、水质参数、水体理化指标和土地利用类型等信息,从中筛选出4个采样点作为参照点,其余为受损点;通过分布范围、判别能力和相关性分析,从32个候选生物指标中筛选出6个核心指标,包括总分类单元数、摇蚊分类单元数、寡毛类分类单元数、敏感类群、前3位优势分类单元和均匀度指数.B-IBI评价结果显示,辽河干流上游处于健康(B-IBI>3.90)的河段占0.82%,亚健康(2.93<B-IBI≤3.90)的河段占31.26%,一般(1.95<B-IBI≤2.93)的河段占43.43%,较差(0.98<B-IBI≤1.95)的河段占23.57%,极差(0<B-IBI≤0.98)的河段占0.92%.B-IBI与栖境质量综合评分呈显著线性正相关(R2=0.55,P<0.01).辽河干流上游底栖动物群落以中污染水体指示种为主.The ecosystem health of the upstream section of Liaohe River was evaluated by benthic index of biotic integrity（ B-IBI）combined with unmanned aerial vehicle（ UAV） remote sensing. From the spatial distance,the selection scientificity of reference sites was verified by analyzing the landscape pattern through the buffer. Further study of the ecological processes of the reference sites was conducted. Based on the physical,chemical,land utilization information,UAV remote sensing orthophoto maps and water quality parameters of 16 habitat sampling sites in the main upstream area,four reference sites were screened out. Analysis of the range of index value distribution,Pearson correlation and judgment ability were performed on 32 candidate metrics,while six core indexes were selected and normalized. The criteria for benthic macro-invertebrates in the upstream of Liaohe River were determined to be healthy（ B-IBI 〉3. 90,0. 82% of the area）,sub-healthy（ 2. 93-3. 90,31. 26% of the area）,fair（ 1. 95-2. 93,43. 43% of the river,poor（ 0. 98-1. 95,23. 57% of the area）,and very poor（ 0-0. 98,0. 92% of the area）. The relationship between B-IBI and habitat quality was remarkably correlated（ R^2= 0. 55,P〈 0. 01）. In general,the structure of macro-invertebrates in the main stream of Liaohe upstream mainly consisted of species indicating moderately polluted water.

关 键 词：无人机遥感 底栖生物 河流生态健康 底栖动物完整性指数 辽河干流上游 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]