出租人瑕疵责任的体系解释  

A Systemic Explanation on Lessor's Responsibility of Blemish

作　　者：易军[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学

出　　处：《中国政法大学学报》2014年第5期82-91,158-159,共10页Journal Of CUPL

基　　金：王利明教授主持的国家社会科学基金重大项目--"法学方法论与中国民商法研究"的研究成果之一;中国政法大学青年教师学术创新团队--"中国民法典的立法建构与解释适用"的研究成果

摘　　要：我国《合同法》就租赁物瑕疵现象有所规制,但有关租赁物瑕疵的制度体系尚付阙如。从立法角度看,有必要借鉴德国民法有关出租人瑕疵责任的立法模式,详为规定构成要件、法律效果,从而建立缜密的出租人瑕疵责任制度体系。从解释论角度看,应对以上诸条、第111条以及它们之间的适用关系作出体系性解释。第216条虽非专门针对租赁物瑕疵所设,但仍可作为出租人瑕疵责任的发生根据,至少可以之为基础,解释出租人负有"保持租赁物无瑕疵"的义务。第220条、第221条可理解为《合同法》第十三章中有关出租人瑕疵责任的特别规定,应优先适用,从而可排除第111条中"修理"、"重作"形式的适用。第231条虽非有关租赁物瑕疵责任的规定,但无疑包含了租赁物瑕疵责任的内容。第233条属于出租人瑕疵责任构成要件中的例外性要件。The Contract Law in China has regulations on the blemish of lease items but the system of the regulations has not been built up yet. From legislative point of view, it is necessary to learn from German Civil Lawabout its legislative modal of lessor's responsibility of blemish to specify its compositional elements and legal effects and then set up a delicate regulation system of lessor's responsibility of blemish. From the view of explanation, a systemic explanation should be made on the regulations as above, the Clause 111 and the applications among them. Although the Clause 216 is not only for the blemish of lease items it can still work as evidence of the performance of the responsibility. At least it is a base to explain that lessor is subject to the obligation of 'keeping the lease items free of blemish'. The Clause 220 and 221 can be taken as special regulations for the lessor's responsibility of blemish in the Chapter 13 of the Contract Law. It can be applied in advance and keep the forms of 'repair' and 're-make' in Clause 111. The Clause 231 is not about responsibility of lease items' blemish but it undoubtedly bears the duty of lease items' blemish. The Clause 233 is an exceptional compulsory part of the compulsory parts of the composition of lessor's responsibility of blemish.

关 键 词：瑕疵 违约责任 体系 

分 类 号：D923.6[政治法律—民商法学]