芦山地震灾区幼儿教师的心理幸福感  

Psychological well-being in preschool teachers after Lushan earthquake

作　　者：张晓茹[1] 卢清[2] 胡艳秋[3] 王玉云[1] 

机构地区：[1]雅安职业技术学院,四川雅安625000 [2]西华师范大学,四川南充637002 [3]湖南工学院,湖南衡阳421002

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2014年第10期791-795,共5页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：四川省教育厅人文社会科学重点研究项目-幼儿教师职业幸福感研究(TER2006-003)

摘　　要：目的：调查芦山震后灾区幼儿教师的心理幸福感状况及相关因素，为提高和改善灾区幼儿教师心理幸福感提供依据。方法：根据不同受灾情况，选取轻灾区、重灾区、极重灾区幼儿教师326名（农村194名，城市132名；无亲属死亡或受伤225名，有亲属死亡或受伤101名；财产轻微损失139名，财产严重损失187名），另外选取非灾区幼儿教师120名（正常对照组），采用心理幸福感量表（PWB）进行调查。结果：灾区组幼儿教师PWB总分及自主性、掌握环境、个人成长、生活目标因子分均低于对照组（均P〈0．05）；轻灾区幼儿教师PWB总分及掌握环境得分高于重灾区和极重灾区（均P〈0．05）；农村幼儿教师PWB的自主性、掌握环境因子分高于城市教师，而自我接纳因子得分低于城市教师（均P〈0．05）；无亲属死亡或受伤幼儿教师PWB总分及自主性、掌握环境、个人成长、生活目标因子分均高于有亲属死亡或受伤教师（均P〈0．05）；财产轻微损失幼儿教师PWB总分及掌握环境、生活目标因子分均高于财产严重损失教师（均P〈0．05）。PWB总分与各因子得分（除积极关系）均呈正相关（r=0．32～0．91，P〈0．01或0．05）；多元逐步回归发现，受灾程度、城乡来源、亲属情况、财产损失对心理幸福感有一定的预测作用，其联合预测心理幸福感80．5％的变异量。结论：本研究提示，芦山灾区幼儿教师心理幸福感状况较差，这种情况在极重灾区、城市、有亲属死亡或受伤、财产严重损失人群中表现较为突出，受灾程度、城乡来源、亲属情况、财产损失水平是影响幼儿教师心理幸福感的重要因素。Objective： To assess the preschool teachers＇psychological well-being and related factors after Lushart earthquake. Methods： Totally 326 preschool teachers from different earthquake situation （including 194 living in rural areas, 132 living in urban areas, 225 with no relatives killed or injured, 101 with relatives killed or injured, 139 with slight loss of property, 187 with serious loss of property） and 120 preschool teachers in non-disaster areas （normal control group） were selected. They were assessed with the Psychological Well-Being Scale （PWB）. Resuits： The PWB total scores and the factor scores of autonomy, environmental control, personal growth, and life goals were lower in disaster area group than in the controls （Ps 〈 0.05）. The PWB total scores and environmental control factor scores were higher in those in mild disaster area than those in heavy disaster area and ponderosity disaster area （Ps 〈 0. 05）. The factor scores of autonomy, environment control were higher in the rural teachers than in the urban ones, while the self-acceptance factor scores were lower in the rural teachers than in the urban ones （Ps 〈 0. 05）. The PWB total scores and the factor scores of autonomy, environmental control, personal growth, and lifegoals were higher in those with no relatives killed or injured than in those with relatives killed or injured （Ps 〈 0. 05）. The PWB total scores and the factor scores of environmental control and life goals were higher in those with slight loss of property than in those with serious loss of property （Ps 〈0. 05）. The PWB total scores were positively correlated with all its factor scores except for the positive relationship （r =0. 32 -0. 91, Ps 〈0. 05）. Multiple regression analysis results showed that the extent of the disaster, living in urban and rural areas, relatives situation, loss of property were predictors of psychological well-being, and explained 80. 5% of the variance. Conclusion： The results show that the psychological w

关 键 词：芦山地震 幼儿教师 心理幸福感 相关因素 现状调查 

分 类 号：B845.67[哲学宗教—心理学]