老年痴呆患者医院感染危险因素  

Risk factors for healthcare-associated infection in senile dementia patients

作　　者：赵惠荣[1] 王秀艳[1] 郑秀芬[1] 刘春红[1] 郭晶[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北联合大学附属开滦总医院,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《中国感染控制杂志》2014年第9期538-540,共3页Chinese Journal of Infection Control

基　　金：唐山市科技支撑计划项目(3130230b)

摘　　要：目的了解老年痴呆患者医院感染的危险因素,以期采取有效的护理措施降低其医院感染发生率。方法采用回顾性调查方法,对2011年1月—2013年6月某院干部病房住院、年龄≥60岁的82例老年痴呆患者临床资料进行调查分析。结果 82例老年痴呆患者中,发生医院感染28例,医院感染发生率为34.15%。感染部位以下呼吸道为主(15例,53.57%),其次为泌尿道(6例,21.43%)。单因素分析结果显示,长期卧床、住院时间长、吞咽障碍、保留导尿管、不合理使用抗菌药物、合并肿瘤和低蛋白血症是老年痴呆患者医院感染的危险因素(均P<0.05)。分离病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌(40株,62.50%)为主,居前3位的病原菌依次是肺炎克雷伯菌(12株,18.75%)、大肠埃希菌(10株,15.63%)和铜绿假单胞菌(8株,12.50%)。结论了解老年痴呆患者医院感染的危险因素及常见病原菌,有助于采取有效的护理措施,降低和预防医院感染的发生。Objective To evaluate the risk factors for healthcare-associated infection（HAI）in senile dementia patients,so as to adopt effective nursing measures to reduce the incidence of HAI.Methods Clinical data of 82 senile dementia patients aged≥60 years and hospitalized between January 2011 and June 2013 were analyzed retrospectively.Results Of 82 patients,28（34.15%）developed HAI.The main infection site was lower respiratory tract（n=15,53.57%）,followed by urinary tract（n=6,21.43%）.Univariate analysis revealed that risk factors for HAI in senile dementia patients were bedridden,long length of hospital stay,dysphagia,indwelling urinary catheter,irrational use of antimicrobial agents,combined with tumor,and hypoproteinemia（all P〈0.05）.The main isolated bacteria were gram-negative bacilli（n=40,62.50%）,the top three pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae（n=12,18.75%）,Escherichia coli（n=10,15.63%）,and Pseudomonas aeruginosa（n=8,12.50%）.Conclusion Realizing the risk factors and common pathogens of HAI in senile dementia patients is helpful for taking effective measures to prevent and control the incidence of HAI.

关 键 词：老年痴呆 医院感染 病原菌 危险因素 护理 

分 类 号：R749.16[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]