干旱胁迫对云南陆稻幼苗生理特性的影响  

Effect of Drought Stress on Physiological Characteristics of Upland Rice Seedling in Yunnan Province

作　　者：徐建欣[1,2] 杨洁[1] 刘实忠[1] 王云月[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院湛江实验站,广东湛江524013 [2]云南农业大学农业生物多样性与植物病害控制教育部重点实验室,昆明650201

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2014年第27期145-152,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家973项目(2006CB100205);中央预算事业单位科研启动财政专项经费(zjky201303)共同资助

摘　　要：为揭示干旱胁迫对陆稻幼苗生理生化特性的影响,此研究以‘白花山’、‘旱谷’和‘小红米’3个具有不同抗旱能力的陆稻品种为试验材料,采用PEG模拟水分胁迫法,对其5个理化指标在水分胁迫下的变化规律进行研究。结果表明,SOD、POD与CAT等保护酶在轻度的PEG渗透胁迫下,3个供试陆稻品种的抗氧化酶活性均表现为先升高后下降的趋势;而在严重胁迫下,大部分品种表现为先少量上升后剧烈下降或直接下降的趋势,严重胁迫T3、中度胁迫T2、轻度胁迫T1对保护酶活力的影响表现为T3>T1>T2,且在各浓度的PEG模拟干旱胁迫下其保护酶的活性均表现为高抗品种‘白花山’>中抗品种‘旱谷’>低抗品种‘小红米’。MDA含量随着胁迫程度的加深以及胁迫时间延长不断上升的趋势,且上升的速度表现为低抗品种‘小红米’>中抗品种‘旱谷’>高抗品种‘白花山’。可溶性糖的总体趋势表现为高抗品种‘白花山’>中抗品种‘旱谷’>低抗品种‘小红米’、T3>T2>T1>T0(CK)。由此可以看出,陆稻在干旱胁迫下通过增加渗透调解物质含量,降低水势来提高其抗旱能力;并通过增强抗氧化酶活性,提高抗氧化能力,来减轻干旱胁迫所带来的伤害。The study analyzed the five physiological and biochemical responses of upland rice under water stress, adopted PEG simulated water stress method and took three different drought-resistant ability of upland rice varieties ＇baihuashan＇, ＇hangu＇, ＇xiaohongmi＇ as experimental materials to reveal the drought stress effects on physiological and biochemical characteristics of upland rice seedling. The results indicated that the activity of SOD, POD and CAT had a first rising then downward trend on 3 upland rice varieties tested under mild PEG osmotic stress, while under severe stress the activity had first a rise then a sharp decline in small amounts in most varieties tested. The effect under different stress on the enzyme activity was severe stress （named T3） 〉Mild stress （named T1） 〉Moderate stress （named T2）, and the activity of protective all high drought resistant varieties ＇baishanhua＇ 〉moderate drought resistant varieties ＇hangu＇ sensitive varieties ‘ xmohongml ’under all different concentration PEG simulated water stress. showed rising trend as the degree of stress and stress time extended, and the speed of the rise enzyme was 〉drought- MDA content was droughtsensitive varieties ＇xiaohongmi＇ 〉moderate resistant varieties ＇ hangu ＇ 〉 high resistance varieties ＇baishanhua. Soluble sucrose content showed rising trend in which high resistance varieties ＇baishanhua＇ 〉 moderate resistant varieties ＇ hangu＇ 〉 drought- sensitive varieties ＇ xiaohongmi＇, and T3 〉T2 〉T1 〉T0（CK）. This indicated that upland rice seedlings could adapt to drought stress by adjusting osmotic substance, decreasing water potential and improving protective enzymes activity to improve antioxidant ability under drought stress.

关 键 词：陆稻 干旱胁迫 聚乙二醇 生理反应 

分 类 号：S511.6[农业科学—作物学] S322