直觉的考古  

An Archeology of Intuition

作　　者：张中[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学威海分校文化传播学院,山东威海264209 [2]复旦大学哲学学院,上海200433

出　　处：《美育学刊》2014年第5期67-75,共9页Journal of Aesthetic Education

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2013M531132);江苏省教育厅项目(2013SJB750033)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：在古希腊,直觉就是直接地"看",就是驱除一切障碍。它既是对理性的反驳,也是对事物与世界的重新认识。"直觉"是新的"眼光",它来自神秘的"域外"。"直觉"不仅揭示了"如何看",也表明了看之"何如"或"什么"的问题。在一定程度上,"直觉"是超越性能力,亦即一种"域外之力"。它引领我们感知事物、通达真理,并生成创造力。"直觉"既是本能的,又是理性的;既是非理性的,又是理智的。作为一种能力或方法,直觉直接通达心灵和精神。如果说克罗齐与柏格森的"直觉"属于方法论或知识论的话,那么康德、胡塞尔、苏珊·朗格的"直觉"则是形而上的、本体界的直觉。这两种"直觉"有各自的意义、价值、适用领域和效力;然而却是可以并行不悖的。因之,我们可将这两种直觉均看作为宽泛的、方法论意义上的"直觉"。In ancient Greece, intuition meant unmediated＂seeing＂, the elimination of all impediments.It was a contradic-tion of reason and a new thinking about things and the world.＂Intuition＂, which is a novel＂vision＂, comes from the mys-terious＂other world＂.It reveals not only the＂how＂of seeing, but also the＂what＂and ＂why＂of it.In a sense,＂intui-tion＂is a transcendent power,＂a force that comes from the other world＂.It guides us in experiencing the world, attaining truth and acquiring creativity.It is both instinctual and rational.therefore blurring the line between rationaland irrational.As an ability and a method it is in direct communion with the heart and the spirit.If ＂intuition＂is a methodology and episto-mology with Croce and Bergson, it is metaphysical and ontological with Kant, Husserl and Susan Sontag.Although different in their significances, values, ranges of application and efects, these two＂intuitions＂can coexist.Therefore, we can regard both of them as＂intuition＂in its broad methodological sense.

关 键 词：直觉 理性 克罗齐 柏格森 胡塞尔 理性直觉 

分 类 号：B017[哲学宗教—哲学理论]