有机磷农药在海南菜心、苦瓜和豇豆中的残留分析及膳食风险评估  

Organophosphorus pesticide residues in Hainan bitter gourd,Chinese flowering cabbage and cowpea and dietary exposure risk assessment

作　　者：段云[1] 钱程[2] 李建国[1,2] 罗金辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院分析测试中心/农业部热作产品质量安全风险评估实验室,海口571101 [2]华中农业大学植物科技学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2014年第9期1594-1598,共5页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目(212011);公益性行业(农业)科研专项项目(201303088-13)

摘　　要：[目的]明确海南省菜心、苦瓜和豇豆中有机磷农药的残留状况及居民的有机磷膳食摄入风险,为降低居民有机磷膳食摄入风险及农业主管部门监管提供科学依据.[方法]基于2012～2013年海南省菜心、苦瓜和豇豆3种蔬菜的市场农药残留监测数据,并根据我国不同人群的摄入量和体重数据,运用基于蒙特卡洛模拟的@risk软件,以风险商表征菜心、苦瓜和豇豆中的有机磷膳食风险.[结果]残留分析表明,52.82％的菜心、14.27％的苦瓜和30.52％的豇豆中含有机磷农药残留,其中12.79％的菜心和1.74％的豇豆有多残留.蒙特卡洛模拟结果显示,P995水平膳食暴露风险的排序从高到低为：菜心中敌敌畏＞豇豆中对硫磷＞豇豆中氧乐果＞苦瓜中氧乐果＞菜心中毒死蜱＞苦瓜中对硫磷,通过食用海南豇豆、苦瓜、菜心摄入有机磷的风险商均小于1;不同年龄段的暴露风险较高的为2～3、4～6和7～10岁年龄段,其他各年龄段的风险均较低.[结论]海南菜心、苦瓜和豇豆中有机磷残留对我国居民不同人群有机磷残留的膳食摄入风险较低,各人群中可能存在的健康风险在可接受范围.[Objective]In order to investigate the organophosphorus pesticide residues in Hainan representative veg- etables, such as Chinese flowering cabbage, bitter gourd and cowpea, the study was carried out to ascertain the dietary intake risk of organophosphorus pesticide（OPs） residues. [Method]According to 2012-2013 monitoring data of organophos- phours pesticide residues in Hainan markets and the intake information of citizens, the probabilistic exposure risk was assessed by software @risk based on Monte Carlo＇s theory to characterize the chronic risk quotient of dietary intake of Chinese flowering cabbage, bitter gourd and cowpea. [ Result ]Through pesticide residues analysis, organophosphorus residues were found in 52.82% Chinese flowering cabbage, 14.27% bitter gourd and 30.52% cowpea. The Monte Carlo simulation showed that on 99.5~ level, the average risk quotient of estimated exposure for Chinese residents by Chinese flowering cabbage, bitter gourd, cowpea in Hainan was lower than 1, for which 2-3, 4-6 and 7-10 age groups were higher than other groups. [ Conclusion ]The exposure risk of organophosphorus residues in Chinese flowering cabbage, bitter gourd and cowpea in Hainan is shown to be low and the potential exposure risk is acceptable.

关 键 词：菜心 苦瓜 豇豆 有机磷农药 残留分析 膳食暴露 海南省 

分 类 号：S377[农业科学—农产品加工]