康德与弗雷格的分析性观念  

The Conceptual Analysis of Kant and Frege

作　　者：杨海波[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学政治与行政学院

出　　处：《哲学分析》2014年第5期68-76,198,共9页Philosophical Analysis

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目"新弗雷格主义研究(项目编号:14YJC72040001);中央高校基本科研业务费专项"弗雷格的逻辑主义研究"(项目编号:2014-Ib-060)资金资助

摘　　要：历史上,康德第一次较为清晰地指出所有语句要么是分析语句要么是综合语句,同时给出了划分分析性语句与综合语句的依据,并明确认为分析性语句是不扩展知识的。康德给出的区分分析与综合语句的依据会带来明显的问题。弗雷格继承并发展了康德对于分析性观念的基本想法,在《算术基础》一书中给出了自己的对分析性命题的刻画,尝试论证算术真理是发展了的逻辑真理、是分析性命题相。相较于康德对分析性命题的刻画,弗雷格的刻画有明显的优点,克服了康德的定义带来的几个明显问题。同时,弗雷格也明确反对康德的分析命题并不扩展知识的这一想法,尝试着指出在一种意义上分析命题是扩展知识的。Kant first points out clearly that all narrative sentences can be divided into analytic sentences and synthetic sentences. He puts forward at least two criterions for this distinction at the same time. In his opinion, the analytic sentences do not extend our knowledge. Frege accepts and develops the basic ideas of Kant's distinction. He puts forward a new characterization of analyticity in his book Foundation of Arithmetic. Frege's characterization is superior to Kant's definition of analyticity and is able to avoid several problems brought out by Kant's definition. Frege does not agree with Kant that the analytic sentences do not extend our knowledge, but points out that they do extend our knowledge in one sense.

关 键 词：分析性 康德 弗雷格 概念分析 概念形成 

分 类 号：B516.31[哲学宗教—外国哲学]