2010年青海省居民营养与健康状况调查  

Survey on the nutrition and health status of Qinghai residents in 2010

作　　者：李晓萍[1] 周敏茹[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省疾病预防控制中心,青海西宁810007

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第21期3879-3881,3886,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解青海省城乡居民膳食结构、行为方式及其相关慢性疾病的流行病学特点及变化规律,为制定健康促进策略提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取城市、农村、半农半牧区和牧区四个经济类型36个社区（村）1 116户4 349人进行询问调查、医学体检、实验室检测和膳食调查等。结果我省居民营养状况有了明显改善,但是营养缺乏和营养失衡并存。我省居民每标准人蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物摄入量与我省2002年相比均有所增加,但仍低于《指南》推荐量标准;蔬菜摄入量由2002年的176.2 g上升到228.2 g,上升了29.5%;新鲜水果摄入量由2002年的17.4 g上升到37.8 g,上升了117.5%;奶类摄入量由2002年的48.3 g上升到187.6 g、上升了288.1%;盐摄入量为13.0 g,与2002年相比下降19.5%,油摄入量为34.7 g,与2002年（35.8 g）相比变化不明显,但远高于《指南》推荐量（6 g）和（25~30 g）。贫血、高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常患病率较高,分别为15.2%、20.8%、4.3%、19.7%。结论青海省居民膳食状况有较大提高,但膳食结构不尽合理;营养相关性慢性病患病率将是我省面临的重要公共卫生问题。Objective To investigate epidemiological features of dietary patterns, the life style and chronic disease of Qinghai residents, for making effective health promotion strategy. Methods Multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling was adopted to select 4 349 people from 1 116 households in four economy level, city, countryside, farming-pastoral region and pastoral region. The research included questionnaire, physical examine, laboratory assay, dietary survey, and so on. Results The status of nutrition in our province population was improved significantly. However, there were nutrition deficiency and nutrition imbalance in our province. Compared with 2002, the intake of protein, fat, carbohydrate per reference per day had increased in our province, but these intakes were below than recommended intake in dietary guideline. The average intake of vegetables increased from 176.2g to 228.2g, which increased about 29.5% than 2002. The average intake of fresh fruit increased from 17.4g to 37.8g, which increased about 117.5% than 2002. The average intake of mile increased from 48.3g to 187.6g, which increased about 288.1% than 2002. The average intake of salt was 13.0g, which decreased 19.5% than 2002. The average intake ofoil was 34.7g, which was close to 35.8g in 2002, however, both the intakes of salt and oil were excessive than recommended intake in dietary guideline. The incidences of anemia, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia were high, at 15.2%, 20.8%, 4.3% and 19.7% respectively. Conclusion Although the status of diet in our province has been improved a lot, there were still some problems in the dietary patterns. Nutrition-related chronic disease is still a major public health problem in our province.

关 键 词：营养与健康状况调查 膳食结构 食物摄入量 营养相关疾病 

分 类 号：R15[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]