雨生红球藻培养和产油脂工艺的优化  

Optimization of Haematococcus pluvialis culture and lipid production process

作　　者：刘艳[1] 徐岳松 吴茜[1] 宋廷富 张白梅 乔代蓉[1] 曹毅[1] 徐辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学生命科学学院微生物与代谢工程四川省重点实验室,成都610065

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2014年第5期809-816,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金："十二五"国家支撑计划项目(2011BAD14B05;2013BAD10B01;2014BA D 02B02);国家科技基础条件平台项目(N I M R-2014-8);四川省科技厅项目(2014GZX0005;2013HH0007;2013GZX0161-3;2013GZ0058;2013JCPT003)资助~~

摘　　要：为解决生物柴油生产中油脂短缺的问题,利用实验室筛选到的高产油脂藻株——雨生红球藻SCTCC-600012,进行培养条件优化和产油脂工艺研究,分别比较不同浓度的NaNO3、K2HPO4、α-萘乙酸(NAA)、3-吲哚丁酸(3-IBA)、Mg2+、葡萄糖对雨生红球藻SCTCC-600012生长及产油的影响.结果显示,其最适生长条件分别为NaNO3 1.0 g/L,K2HPO4 1.0 g/L,NAA 7 mg/L,3-IBA 16 mg/L,Mg2+2.5 mg/L.最适产油条件分别为NaNO3 0.125 g/L,K2HPO4 0.1 g/L,NAA 7 mg/L,3-IBA 1.0 mg/L,Mg2+2.5 mg/L,葡萄糖为1.0 g/L.优化后的油脂含量为32.8%,比基础发酵培养基中的油脂含量(19.59%)提高了1倍左右.利用GC-MS对油脂进行脂肪酸成分分析,发现主要成分为软脂酸和油酸,与植物油相似,适合用于生产生物柴油.本研究通过优化培养条件和产油工艺,提高了雨生红球藻的生长速率和油脂含量,可为选择生物柴油原料提供参考.This study aimed to solve the problem of oil shortage during the production of biodiesel, and to explore its culture technology. A microalgae strain named Haematococcus pluvialis SCTCC-600012 was screened from our laboratory due to its high oil production rate. We investigated the effects of different concentration of NaN03, K2HPO4, NAA, 3-IBA, Mg2＋ and glucose on the biomass and oil content of Haematococcus pluvialis. The optimum condition for growth was NaNO3 1.0 g/L, K2HPO4 1 g/L, NAA 7 mg/L, 3-IBA 16 mg/L, Mg2＋ 2.5 mg/L, and glucose 1.0 g/L, while the optimum condition for oil production was NaNO3 0.125 g/L, K2HPO4 0.1 g/L, NAA 7 mg/L, 3-IBA 1 mg/L, Mg2＋ 2.5 mg/L, and glucose 1.0 g/L. The oil content after optimization was 32.8%, nearly double that in the normal fermentation medium. In addition, through the fatty acid composition analysis by GC-MS, we found that the fatty acid composition of the lipid was palmitic acid and oleic acid, similar to that of plant oil, suitable for biodiesel production. This experiment improved the growth rate and oil content of Haematococcus pluvialis. To some extent, it can ease the problem of oil shortage and provide reference for new material selection for biodiesel production.

关 键 词：雨生红球藻 培养条件 产油脂工艺 油脂含量 生物柴油 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]