二硫代焦磷酸酯微胶囊阻燃PVA纤维的制备及性能  

Preparation and properties of flame retardant PVA fiber with dithiopyrophosphate microcapsules

作　　者：陈婉璐[1] 葛卫兵[1] 姜猛进[1] 叶光斗[1] 徐建军[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学高分子科学与工程学院,四川成都610065

出　　处：《合成纤维工业》2014年第5期34-38,共5页China Synthetic Fiber Industry

摘　　要：采用原位聚合的方法制备了以新戊二醇二硫代焦磷酸酯(DDPS)为核、三聚氰胺甲醛树脂(MF)为壳的阻燃微胶囊(MDDPS),分别将DDPS和MDDPS无卤阻燃剂与聚乙烯醇(PVA)共混纺丝,制备了无卤阻燃PVA纤维;表征了MDDPS的结构及形貌,研究了纯PVA纤维、DDPS/PVA纤维、MDDPS/PVA纤维的力学性能、阻燃性能、热稳定性、燃烧前后的形貌。结果表明:微胶囊MDDPS的平均粒径增大至7.82μm,仍能满足共混纺丝要求;DDPS及MDDPS的加入,PVA纤维力学性能下降;MDDPS/PVA纤维阻燃性能较好,极限氧指数达31.3%,燃烧时膨胀较为明显,且600℃时残炭率达到19.1%,炭层较为致密,有气泡产生,释放不燃性气体阻止了燃烧。A flame retardant microcapsule （MDDPS） was prepared with bisneopentyl glycol dithiopyrophosphate （DDPS） as the core and melamine formaldehyde （MF） as the shell by in-situ polymerization. And halogen-free flame retardant polyvinyl alcohol （PVA） fibers were prepared by separately blend spinning PVA with DDPS and MDDPS. The structure and morphology of MDDPS were characterized. The mechanical properties, flame retardance, thermal stability and morphology of PVA fiber, DDPS/PVA fiber and MDDPS/PVA fiber were studied before and after combustion. The results showed that the average particle size of MDDPS microcapsule was increased to 7.82 μm, still satisfying the blend spinning requirement ; the addition of DDPS and MDDPS damaged the mechanical properties of PVA fiber; MDDPS/PVA fiber exhibited fairly good flame retardance and the limiting oxygen index of 31.3% and appeared obvious intumescent phenomenon during combustion; the char residue was up to 19. 1% at 600 ~C, the carbon layer was compact and the outer surface of MDDPS/PVA char had abundant cracked bubbles releasing non-flammable gases to hinder the combustion.

关 键 词：聚乙烯醇纤维 新戊二醇二硫代焦磷酸酯 三聚氰胺甲醛树脂 微胶囊 无卤阻燃 

分 类 号：TQ340.64[化学工程—化纤工业]