庆阳与关中方言人称代词和指示代词的比较研究  

A Comparative Study of Personal and Demonstrative Pronouns in Guanzhong Dialect and Qingyang Dialect

作　　者：徐治堂[1] 

机构地区：[1]陇东学院文学院,甘肃庆阳744500

出　　处：《咸阳师范学院学报》2014年第5期44-49,共6页Journal of Xianyang Normal University

基　　金：国家语言文字工作委员会资助课题(YB125-117)

摘　　要：庆阳市如西峰、庆城、镇原、华池、合水、正宁、宁县以及环县合道乡亦如关中多数方言点那样,第三人称单数"他(包括镇原的‘那’)"字受"我你"两个上声字的感染也读作上声。庆阳市多数方言点不具备关中以"我你他"变作阴平来表示复数的特征,只有与关中毗连的正宁、宁县、西峰区温泉镇如关中方言那样,以"我你他(撵=)"变作阴平来表示复数。关中方言区只有定边和麟游(麟游限于次用)复数的标志为"们",庆阳市很普遍地以"们"字为标志。庆阳多数方言点"兀"读作去声,跟关中多数方言点一致;庆阳多数方言点远指代词分为两个层次,其第一层次亦如关中多数方言点那样,是不太远、看得见的;第二层次亦如关中多数方言点那样,是很远、甚至看不见的。Qingyang City,such as Xifeng,Qingcheng,Zhenyuan,Huachi,Heshui,Zhengning,Ning County and Hedao Township of Huan County,like the majority of dialects in Guanzhong,the third person singular＂he＂（including Zhenyuan word‘that＇）,infected by＂wo（I） ni（you）＂—two characters with the rising tone,also reads as the rising tone.Most of Qingyang City dialects do not possess the characteristics of plural forms of characters through the change of the tones of＂wo（I） ni（you） ta（he）＂into the first tones.Only Zhengning,Ning County and Wenquan Township of Xifeng Area adjacent to Guanzhong possess such characteristics.Only Dingbian and Linyou（Linyou limited to secondary use）in Guanzhong Dialect area use the plural mark＂people＂,whereas the city of Qingyang generally uses＂men（a plural inflection）＂as a symbol,which is in agreement with most of the Guanzhong dialects.Referring-to-the-distant-object pronoun in most of Qingyang dialects is divided into two levels,the first level that is the same as most of Guanzhong dialects is not too far and visible;the second level that is the same as most of Guanzhong dialects is far away and even to the extent of being invisible.

关 键 词：庆阳与关中方言 人称代词 指示代词 比较研究 

分 类 号：H172.2[语言文字—汉语]