聚氨酯/层状双金属氢氧化物复合膜的制备和性能研究  

Study on Preparation and Performance of PU/LDH Composite Membranes

作　　者：方彩平 薛中华[1] 杨保俊[1] 郝文涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学化工学院可控化学与材料化工安徽省重点实验室,合肥230009

出　　处：《塑料助剂》2014年第5期28-34,共7页Plastics Additives

摘　　要：利用静电纺丝设备制备了层状双金属氢氧化物(LDH)增强的聚氨酯(PU)电纺复合膜(复合膜),采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、广角X射线衍射(WAXD)、电子万能试验机、差热式扫描分析仪(DSC)和热重分析仪(TG)对PU/LDH复合膜的形貌、力学性能以及热稳定性进行了分析。研究结果表明,添加少量的LDH就能使复合膜强度有明显提高,当LDH含量为1%(质量分数)时复合膜的强度提高到16.2 MPa左右,相对电纺制备的纯PU膜,提高幅度约为217%;而PU/LDH复合膜的断裂伸长率保持了较高的水平,达到了约165%。扫描电镜(SEM)显示,加入LDH有利于电纺,所得纤维的直径有小幅度下降。WAXD分析结果表明,LDH在PU中并未形成插层结构,LDH与PU的混合类似于传统共混过程。DSC分析结果表明,LDH对PU软段的玻璃化转变温度无显著影响,但是对PU硬段的结晶有一定的促进作用。TG分析结果表明,复合电纺膜的起始分解温度相对PU电纺膜有一定程度的降低。Polyurethane/layer double hydroxide （PU/LDH） composite membrane was prepared by electrospinning.The structure,mechanical properties and thermal properties of PU/LDH composite membrane （composite membrane） were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）,wide-angle X-ray diffraction （WAXD）,electronic universal testing machine,differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） and thermo-gravimetric analysis（TGA）.The results showed that the tensile strength of composite membrane could be significantly improves by adding a small amount of LDH.When the content of LDH reaches to 1％,the tensile strength of the composites is improved to 16.2MPa,about 217％ increasing compares with the PU membranes.However,the elongation at break is relatively constant,which is up to 165％.From the SEM images,it could be read that the addition of LDH is beneficial to electrospinning and the diameter of the electrospun fibers declines slightly compares with the PU fibers.The result of WAXD indicated that LDH are neither exfoliated nor intercalated,but rather formes conventional microcomposites.DSC analysis showed that,LDH has no significant effect on the glass transition temperature of the PU soft segments,but playes a role in promoting the crystallization degree of the PU hard segments.Results of TGA showed that the decomposition temperature of the composite electrospun membranes reduces to some extent,compares with PU electrospun membrane.

关 键 词：聚氨酯 层状双金属氢氧化物 电纺 复合膜 增强 

分 类 号：TQ340.64[化学工程—化纤工业]