基于知信行理论的父母—儿童运动参与的关系  

Relationship Between Parents and Child's Sport Participation:Based on the Theoretical Model of Knowledge,Attitude and Practice

作　　者：许欣[1] 姚家新[1] 杨剑[2] 刘润芝[3] 

机构地区：[1]天津体育学院,天津300381 [2]华东师范大学青少年健康评价与运动干预教育部重点实验室,上海200241 [3]北京体育大学,北京100084

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2014年第10期89-95,共7页Journal of Beijing Sport University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金"十一五"规划2010年度教育学一般课题"运动对青少年心理健康干预效果的研究"(项目编号:BLA100101)

摘　　要：为考察父母体育运动知识、运动期望—价值信念和行为系统对儿童运动参与程度影响的权重,通过访谈法、问卷调查法和层次分析法以"知信行模式"为理论依据对天津市15位家长及1 173个家庭进行父母影响儿童运动参与研究。研究结论:父母健康与体育知识对父母信念、运动行为投入有积极影响;儿童体育知识对儿童信念、运动行为有积极影响;父母运动参与知信行结构能显著预测儿童运动参与知信行结构;目标层中父母知识、信念和行为3方面权重分配存在显著差异,其中行为具有最大权重,知识准则层中健康抚养知识所占权重最大,信念准则层中工作价值所占权重最大,行为准则层中时间投入所占权重最大。研究提示:制订干预策略时需要考虑父母的性别差异;父母对儿童运动参与知信行因素中行为为核心节点;父母对子女运动需求以时间投入为最佳策略。研究为下一步凝练运动情境中父母角色引导指南及干预措施进行了有效探索。This research mainly concerned the weight of parent＇s knowledge of sport,expectancy-value belief and behavior system on child＇s sport participation. Based on the model of knowledge,attitude and practice（KAP）,this article analyzed parent＇s influence on child＇s sport participation by the methods of interview,questionnaire and analytic hierarchy process. There were 15 parents and 1 173 families in Tianjin participated in the research. Results：Parent＇s knowledge of health and sport has a positive influence on attitude and sport behavior. The same happened to the child. The KAP of child＇s sport participation can be predicted by the KAP of parents＇ sport participation. In the targeted layer there were significant differences on weighted distribution among parent＇s KAP. Practice had heaviest weight. In the criteria layer of knowledge,parent＇s knowledge of health was the largest contributor. Task value was the largest contributor in the criteria layer of attitude and time input in the criteria layer of practice. Results demonstrated that parent＇s gender difference should be considered when designing intervention strategy. Practice is the most crucial factor in the parent-children＇s exercise intervention. The best approach is time input to children＇s sports needs. This study made an effective exploration in parent role guidance and intervention.

关 键 词：父母影响 儿童运动参与 知信行模式 期望-价值信念 

分 类 号：G623.8[文化科学—教育学] G78