判断框架对时序知觉位置启动效应的影响  

Judging Frame' s Influence on Location Priming Effect on Temporal Order Perception

作　　者：张锋[1] 刘金平[1] 索涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南大学教育科学学院,心理与行为研究所,开封475004

出　　处：《心理科学》2014年第6期1341-1345,共5页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(10YJCXLX056);河南省教育厅人文社科重点项目(2013-ZD-090);河南大学科学研究基金项目(2012YBRW019);河南大学教育科学学院青年科研基金项目(2010-JKJJ-14和2012-JKJJ-03)的资助

摘　　要：研究采用包含两种判断框架(判断刺激出现的先后次序)的时序判断任务探讨了决策偏向对时序知觉位置启动效应的影响。实验结果表明,时序知觉中存在着位置启动效应,而且在两个靶刺激出现时间间隔较短时,被试在"哪个靶刺激先出现"和"哪个靶刺激后出现"两种判断框架下的正确率存在显著差异,但在两个靶刺激同时出现时并没有出现显著的判断框架效应。因此,本研究推测时序知觉位置启动效应的作用机制不仅包括知觉增强加工过程,而且也与认知决策有关,这为反应偏向理论提供了新的支持证据。The priming effect refers to that when the stimulus onset asynchrony （SOA） between the two stimuli is short （including 0 reset） observers often report that the primed stimulus appears first. Several previous studies have found a repetition priming effect on temporal order perception and this priming effect is due to both enhanced visual processing of the priming stimulus causing it to be perceived as having occurred earlier and a response bias to guess the more highly activated primed stimulus as the ＂correct＂ response when the observer has no distinct perception of temporal order. To explore the influence of decisional bias on location priming effect on temporal order perception, the present study was conducted using a task of temporal order judgments including two response instructions （which stimulus appearing first and last）. The targets of this experiment were composed of pairs of figure stimuli： a square and a diamond. Two visual targets were presented either left or right of center of the screen at short temporal intervals or simultaneously. Prior to their onsets, a red circle as a prime appeared briefly in the same location as one of the stimuli. In one block, 18 undergraduates made temporal order judgments by responding which of two shapes appeared first （TO J- 1 ^ST instruction） and in another block, which appeared second （TO J-2^nd instruction）. The experimental results showed that there were significant main effects of judging frames and priming as well as a significant interaction of these factors in 84 and 42 ms SOA, and the judging frame＇ s effects did not reach significance in 0 ms SOA. In conclusion, the present results order provided evidence to support the hypothesis that the decisional bias had a significant influence on location priming effect on temporal perception, and the mechanism of location priming effect of temporal order perception involved cognitive decisions.

关 键 词：时序知觉 位置启动 判断框架 决策偏向 

分 类 号：B842.2[哲学宗教—基础心理学]