基底动脉发育不良影像学特征  

Imaging characteristics of basilar artery hypoplasia

作　　者：顾华[1] 钱晓军[1] 王双坤[1] 闵小红[1] 鲁万红[1] 胡文立[2] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院放射科,100020 [2]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院神经内科,100020

出　　处：《中华医学杂志》2014年第39期3085-3087,共3页National Medical Journal of China

摘　　要：目的 研究基底动脉发育不良（BAH）的影像学特征.方法 回顾2009年10月至2013年8月在首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院进行MRA和MRI检查的连续病例.根据BAH诊断标准共检出210例BAH,测量（椎）基底动脉直径.根据诊断标准急性脑梗死分成前循环和后循环梗死.结果 10 193例MRA中检出210例BAH,女性多于男性.BAH伴有双侧胚胎型大脑后动脉175例（83.3％）,单侧35例（16.7％）.99.5％ BAH患者伴有V4段椎动脉发育不良;颈段（V1 ～V3）椎动脉发育不良占56.0％（28/50）.210例中74例合并急性脑梗死,男性多于女性（59.5％比40.5％,P=0.021）.急性脑梗死中BAH的发病率是2.2％（74/3 294）.结论 BAH是较少见的脑血管发育异常,伴有胚胎型大脑后动脉和V4段椎动脉发育不良。Objective To determine the imaging characteristics of basilar artery hypoplasia （BAH）.Methods From October 2009 to August 2013,10 193 magnetic resonance angiogram （MRA） and 31 716 magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） consecutive cases were retrospectively retrieved from our institutional Picture Archiving and Communication System （PACS） database.BAH was defined as a continuous diameter reduction all over artery and a basilar artery diameter ≤2 mm.The same cut-off value was applied for vertebral artery hypoplasia （VAH）.We measured the diameters of basilar and vertebral arteries with PACS in all patients according to source imaging and IMP construction of MRA.The carotid arterial computed tomography angiogram （CTA） profiles were reviewed in 50 patients.The fetal-type posterior circle of Willis （FTP） was assessed.The diagnosis of acute cerebral infarction was based on clinical symptoms,signs and a high signal on diffusion-weighted imaging （DWI）.Acute cerebral infarction was divided into anterior circulation stroke （ACS） and posterior circulation stroke （PCS）.Results A total of 210 BAH were identified among 10 193 consecutive patients.BAH was more common in females （56.7％） than males （43.3％） in the patient group.They had a fetal-type of posterior cerebral artery （FTP） （175 bilateral （83.3％）,35 unilateral （16.7％））.99.5％ patients had V4 VAH and 56.0％ （28/50） V1-V3 VAH.Among 210 BAH,there are 74 patients （mean age 64 years,average 25-91 years,44 males） with a diagnosis of acute cerebral infarction （ACI）.The males were predominant in ACI （59.5％ in males vs 40.5％ in females,P =0.021）.The frequency of BAH was detected in 74 （2.2％） among 3 294 ACI patients.Conclusion As a relatively rare vascular abnormality,BAH has always unilateral or bilateral FTP and V4 VAH.

关 键 词：磁共振成像 基底动脉 脑梗塞 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]