奥运会中国竞技实力水平的影响因素与发展对策分析  

Effects Affecting Performance of Olympic Games and Enhancement Strategy for China Competitive Sports

作　　者：曲鲁平[1,2] 赖勤[3] 王健[1] 郑丽丽[4] 

机构地区：[1]天津体育学院教务处,天津300381 [2]华中师范大学博士后流动站,湖北武汉430079 [3]韦恩州立大学体育健康与运动科学系,密西根48202 [4]天津现代职业技术学院体育部,天津300350

出　　处：《天津体育学院学报》2014年第4期343-346,共4页Journal of Tianjin University of Sport

基　　金：天津市高校“学科领军人才培养计划”研究成果(项目编号:201402);天津市“十二五”教育科学规划课题青年项目(项目编号:VEYP5009);天津体育学院博士科研启动项目资助(项目编号:201409)

摘　　要：运用专家问卷和因子分析法,调查分析第25－30届奥运会我国参赛项目的运动表现与影响因素,旨在探讨我国奥运会参赛项目竞技实力的特征和提升我国竞技体育实力的对策,为新奥运周期运动项目的布局与对策制定提供参考。结果表明：（1）我国奥运会参赛项目运动成绩呈现上升性、运动项目布局呈现拓展性和男女竞技实力发展呈现均衡性的特征;（2）新奥运周期我国奥运参赛项目布局上应重点发展乒乓球、跳水、羽毛球、竞技体操、举重、游泳和射击项目等优势项目;（3）教练员和运动员的文化素养、科技与资金、后备人才与训练因素是制约我国竞技体育项目整体发展水平的主要因素;（4）提升我国竞技体育水平的对策主要包括,坚持发展与完善整体方针,建立优势项目学校;拓展项目布局,挖掘、培育浅优势项目;整合体育资源,协调发展竞技体育与群众体育。The study used expert questionnaires and factor analyses to investigate the performance and relevant variables of Chinese Sports on the 25th-30th Olympic Games, and discussed the strategy to improve the competitive strength in order to identify the strengths and principal factors related to performance of the Olympic Games, as well as promote sustainable development of Chinese competitive sports. The results indicated： （1） a tendency of performance in- crease, sport events extension, and gender balance for Team China; （2） the priority for maintain and development of performance on the Olympic Games should be given to Chinese strong events such as diving, weight lift, gymnastics, table tennis, badminton, swimming, and shooting; （3） the principal factors inhibiting development of Chinese competitive sports including educational quality of coaches and athletes, research quality and funding of sport science, and situation of youth sport training; （4） to established the strong events school, expand the events layout, and excavate and cultivate the latent superiority proj- ect, and coordinate development of competitive sports and mass sports could promote the level of competitive strength in China.

关 键 词：奥运会 竞技体育 运动项目 竞技实力 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]