东太平洋海隆深海热液区沉积物古菌多样性分析  

Archaeal diversity in deep-sea hydrothermal sediments from the East Pacific Rise

作　　者：刘青[1] 谢运标 陈逍遥 周梅先[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所、国家海洋局海洋生物遗传资源重点实验室,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《应用海洋学学报》2014年第4期516-524,共9页Journal of Applied Oceanography

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)资助项目(2012CB722209)

摘　　要：采用PCR-RFLP方法对东太平洋海隆深海热液区3个站位沉积物中的古菌多样性进行了初步研究.结果显示,从古菌16S rRNA基因文库中随机挑取的296个阳性克隆分属奇古菌门(Thaumarchaeota,47.64%)、广古菌门(Euryarchaeota,44.93%)、泉古菌门(Crenarchaeota,6.77%)和未分类古菌(0.68%),其中优势菌群为奇古菌门的亚硝化侏儒菌属(Nitrosopumilus,35.47%)和广古菌门的热原体纲(Thermoplasmata,27.03%),DHVE3、DHVE5、DHVE6、MBGB和MBGE类群在沉积物样品中也均有发现.另外,3个站位沉积物中古菌类群组成存在差异,S5-TVG1站位样品文库的97个古菌克隆分属奇古菌门(49.48%)、广古菌门(49.48%)和泉古菌门(1.03%),S14-TVG10站位样品文库的103个古菌克隆由奇古菌门(84.47%)和广古菌门(15.53%)组成,S16-TVG12站位样品文库的96个古菌克隆包括广古菌门(71.88%)、泉古菌门(19.79%)、奇古菌门(6.25%)和未分类古菌(2.08%).研究结果表明,东太平洋海隆深海热液区沉积物中古菌多样性丰富,存在着许多新的古菌菌群;不同站位古菌菌群结构以及多样性存在差异,这与其所处环境的热液活动密切相关.Archaeal diversity of deep-sea hydrothermal sediments from 3 sites on the East Pacific Rise was investigated and analyzed with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism（PCR-RFLP）.Phylogenetic analyses revealed that a total of 296 random 16 S rRNA gene clones were assigned to Thaumarchaeota（47.64%）,Euryarchaeota（44.93%）,Crenarchaeota（6.77%） and unclassified Archaea（0.68%）.Among them,the genus Nitrosopumilus belonging to the phylum Thaumarchaeota and the class Thermoplasmata belonging to the phylum Euryarchaeota were the dominant groups,representing 35.47% and 27.03% of archaeal clones,respectively.In addition,some archaeal 16 S rRNA gene sequences were affiliated with deep-sea hydrothermal vent Euryarchaeota 3,5 and 6（DHVE3,DHVE5 and DHVE6）,and Marine Benthic Group B and G（MBGB and MBGE）.Archaeal communities in sediments from 3 sites on East Pacific Rise were clearly distinct from each other.97 archaeal clones from S5-TVG1 site were divided to Thaumarchaeota（49.48%）,Euryarchaeota（49.48%） and Crenarchaeota（1.03%）.103 archaeal clones from S14-TVG10 site belonged to Thaumarchaeota（84.47%） and Euryarchaeota（15.53%）.96 archaeal clones from S16-TVG12 site were assigned to Euryarchaeota（71.88%）,Crenarchaeota（19.79%）,Thaumarchaeota（6.25%） and unclassified Archaea（2.08%）.Our results indicate that Archaea is abundant and there are a lot of novel archaeal groups in deep-sea hydrothermal sediments from 3sites on the East Pacific Rise,and the distinct community structure and diversity of Archaea in deep-sea hydrother-mal sediments suggested that the sampling area was influenced by hydrothermalism.

关 键 词：海洋生物学 东太平洋海隆 深海热液区 沉积物 古菌多样性 PCR-RFLP分析 

分 类 号：P735[天文地球—海洋生物学]