基于分步遗传算法的车身气动优化  

Aerodynamic optimization method for car body based on process costing genetic algorithm

作　　者：韦甘[1] 杨志刚[1] 李启良[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学上海地面交通工具风洞中心,上海201804

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（工学版）》2014年第6期1578-1582,共5页Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition

基　　金：'973'国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2011CB711203);上海市科学技术委员会重点实验室计划项目(11DZ2260400)

摘　　要：把车身气动优化分为3个阶段:二维车身阶段进行全局搜索;三维无轮车身和带轮整车阶段进行局部逼近;最后根据二维和三维算例的差异针对各阶段制定相应的进化策略。由于车轮的存在使车身气动规律发生变化,为了进一步提高优化效果,本文优化方法将固定位置的车轮作为约束条件之一。采用本文优化方法得到的低阻形体中,凸头车型和凹头车型的带轮整车优化结果的风阻系数CD值分别为0.129和0.124。同时,缩比模型的风洞试验也验证了该优化方法的可靠性。In this paper, the process of aerodynamic optimization for car body is divided into three steps. The first step is the two-dimensional body optimization aiming at global search; the second and third steps are three-dimensional body optimization without wheels and with wheels, respectively, aiming at local approximation and fine-tuning. Finally the corresponding evolution strategies of each step are developed according to the difference between the two- and three-dimensional cases. As the existence of wheels may change the aerodynamic behavior of the car body, so wheels in fixed position is taken as one of the constraint conditions, which may improve the effect of the optimization. Optimization results show that the drag coefficients of the vehicle with wheels are as low as 0. 129 in cheese head style and 0. 124 in socket head style. The dependability of this method is validated by the scaled model test in wind tunnel.

关 键 词：流体力学 遗传算法 气动优化 低阻车身 风洞试验 

分 类 号：U467.1[机械工程—车辆工程]