组蛋白修饰在染色质复制过程中的作用  

A role of histone modifications during chromatin replication

作　　者：张旭[1] 李晴[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学生命科学学院,北京大学-清华大学生命科学联合中心,蛋白质和植物基因研究国家重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《生命科学》2014年第11期1176-1186,共11页Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金项目(2013M540818);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31370767)

摘　　要：真核生物中的DNA复制,不但要保证DNA编码的基因组信息高保真复制,也要保证染色质结构所蕴含的表观遗传组稳定传递,这个过程对于维持基因组的完整性和稳定性至关重要。时至今日,人们对DNA复制的机制已经有了深入的认识,但是对染色质复制以及表观遗传信息传递的了解才刚刚开始。组蛋白是染色质结构中最主要的蛋白组成部分,其上面丰富的转录后修饰是表观遗传调控的核心方式之一。从最近几年组蛋白的修饰研究进展入手,主要综述在DNA复制过程中组蛋白修饰如何参与染色质复制的调控。In eukaryotic cells, not only the genetic information encoded in DNA, but also the epigenetic information embedded in chromatin organization must be faithfully propagated to the daughter cells during mitosis. Therefore, chromatin replication is an essential process, which is critical for the maintenance of genome stability. While significant progress has been made in elucidating the mechanisms underlying DNA synthesis, the understanding of how DNA is assembled into chromatin during DNA replication is just started. Histones, the major protein components of DNA wrapping into chromatin, are customized with various covalent modifications and play a central role during epigenetic regulation. In this review, we will focus on how histone modifications function in the process of chromatin replication.

关 键 词：染色质 组蛋白修饰 DNA复制 核小体 

分 类 号：Q51[生物学—生物化学] Q811.4