营养面积和行株距配置对红香芋植株光合特性及产量品质的影响  

Effects of Nutrient Area and Allocation of Plant-row Spacing on Photosynthetic Characteristics,Yield and Quality of Taro

作　　者：李洁英[1,2] 臧玉文 谢静静[1,2] 张川[1,2] 蒋芳玲[1,2] 吴震[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095 [2]农业部南方蔬菜遗传改良重点开放实验室,南京210095

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2014年第10期127-133,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：江苏省优势学科建设工程项目--现代园艺科学;江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(12)4044];江苏省科技支撑计划项目(BE2011435;BE2011461)

摘　　要：以地方品种‘建昌红香芋’为材料,设置6个植株配置组合,研究其对植株生长、冠层特征、光合参数及球茎产量品质等指标的影响,以探讨营养面积和行株距配置对芋植株光合特性及产量品质的影响。结果表明,单株营养面积越小,芋植株株高越高,叶片开展度越低。在营养面积为0.165m2和0.220m2的条件下,宽窄行为(70+40)cm的植株冠层光合有效辐射透过率显著高于宽窄行为(80+30)cm的植株,而光合有效辐射截获率则相反。株距为30cm的芋植株叶面积指数和冠层光合有效辐射截获率最大,冠层光合有效辐射透过率最小,植株的净光合速率(Pn)最低,其单株球茎产量最低,品质最差。株距为35cm时,芋植株具有较高的Pn,形成的单位面积球茎产量最高,品质最好。说明,合理的营养面积和行株距配置可有效调控芋植株冠层形态结构和光合有效辐射(PAR),影响光合作用,并最终影响球茎产量和品质。The objectives of this study were to investigate the influences of nutrient area and plant-row spacing on photosynthetic characteristics, yield and quality of taro. The native cultivar taro ＇Hongx iangyu＇ was used as the test material in order to study the effect of six plant allocations on growth, canopy characteristics, photosynthetic parameter, yield and quality of taro. The results indicated that the taro with small nutrient area showed higher plant height and smaller leaf extended space. Under the condition of the nutrient area of 0. 165 m^2 and 0. 220 m^2 , the transmittance rate of photosynthetically available radiation （PAR） with row spacing of （70 ＋ 40）cm was significantly higher than that with row spacing of （80＋ 30） cm,but the interception rate of PAR showed the opposite trend. The taro with the plant spacing of 30 cm showed the highest leaf area index and interception rate of PAR, but the lowest transmittance rate of PAR and net photosynthetic rate, and had the least yield and bad quality. The taro with the plant spacing of 35 cm had high net photosynthetic rate and showed the highest yield and best quality. These results suggest that the nutrient area and plant-row spacing could adjust canopy structure, PAR and photosynthesis, and finally affect the yield and quality of taro corIn.

关 键 词：红香芋 营养面积 行株距 光合特性 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S632.9[农业科学—蔬菜学]