福建武平参薯与其同属植物山药中营养成分的比较分析  

Comparison Analysis of Nutritional Contents in Dioscorea Alata Linn. in Wuping, Fujian and Dioscorea Opposita Thunb.

作　　者：邱珊莲[1] 王伟英[1] 张少平[1] 洪建基[1] 姚运法[1] 林一心[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院甘蔗研究所,福建漳州363005

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2014年第11期2307-2311,共5页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：福建省财政专项--福建省农业科学院原生蔬菜科技创新团队项目(No.CXTD-2-1320)

摘　　要：采用国家标准方法对薯蓣属的8个栽培品种,包括5种武平参薯和3种白山药,进行蛋白质、微量元素及氨基酸等营养成分的测定并进行比较分析。结果表明:8个薯蓣品种中,铁棍山药的营养价值最高,表现在蛋白质含量最高,达到鲜重的31.8 g/kg,氨基酸总量也最丰富,达到23.63 mg/g,在测定的17种氨基酸中,有12种氨基酸的含量高于其他7个薯蓣品种。武平紫参薯"武紫3号"营养价值仅次于铁棍山药,其蛋白质含量、12种氨基酸含量较高,仅次于铁棍山药,除此之外,武紫3号中的Fe、Ca、谷氨酸、赖氨酸、组氨酸、脯氨酸的含量均高于其他7个薯蓣品种。而8个薯蓣品种中营养价值最差的属普通山药,其蛋白质含量最低,只有12.0 g/kg,Zn、Ca及14种氨基酸的含量也最低,其次营养价值较差的是武平紫参薯"武紫2号",但是该品种产量极高,可作为很好的粮食作物。本研究提高了人们对武平参薯的营养价值的认识,为其开发利用提供理论依据。National standard methods for food nutritional determination were employed in the study to determine the protein content, trace elements content and amino acids content of 8 varieties of Dioscorea, including D. Alata Linn. from Wuping and Dioscorea Opposita Thunb.. Results showed that among the 8 varieties of Dioscorea, D. opposite Thunb.cv.Tiegun had the highest nutritional value with the highest amount of protein （31.8 g/kg） and total amino acid （23.63 mg/g）. Furthermore, in 17 amino acids determined, 12 amino acids of D. opposite Thunb.cv. Tiegun were higher than the other 7 varieties of Dioscorea. The nutritional value of purple Dioscorea Alata Linn. from Wuping named ＂Wuzi No.3＂ was second to D. opposite Thunb.cv.Tiegun, its protein and 12 amino acids as above were higher than the left 6 varieties. Moreover, the content of Fe, Ca, glutamie acid, lysine, histidine, proline were higher than the other 7 varieties. The nutritional value of the common yam was the worst in the 8 varieties, its protein content （12.0 g/kg） was the lowest, and the content of Zn, Ca and 14 kinds of amino acids were the lowest. ＂Wuzi No.2＂ with the second worst nutrition level, could be used as a good food crop due to high yield. The study improved the understanding of nutritional value of D. data Linn. in Wuping and provided a theoretical basis for the development and utilization.

关 键 词：武平参薯 铁棍山药 蛋白质 微量元素 氨基酸 

分 类 号：S539[农业科学—作物学]