设施蔬菜烟粉虱生态控制技术研究  

Study on the ecological control technology against Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius)on facility vegetables

作　　者：周福才[1] 杨爱民[1] 陈学好[1] 杨峰[2] 樊继德[2] 周建华[1] 胡其靖[1] 张建军[1] 何菁[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所,江苏徐州221131

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2014年第3期75-79,共5页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(12)1004];江苏省科技支撑计划项目(BE2012326);泰州市科技支撑计划项目

摘　　要：为实现对设施蔬菜烟粉虱的无公害控制,以番茄和辣椒为试验材料,系统研究秋季无防虫设施的日光温室外栽种蓖麻、温室内蔬菜行间间作芹菜、蔬菜喷施茉莉酸甲酯及调整蔬菜定植时间等措施对蔬菜烟粉虱的控制效果。结果表明:日光温室外种植蓖麻,温室内蔬菜上烟粉虱成虫和若虫量分别下降74.27%和53.48%。番茄行间以3∶1和8∶1的密度间作芹菜,在烟粉虱虫口密度较低的环境中,番茄上烟粉虱成虫量分别下降89.33%和88.00%,若虫量分别下降50.00%和50.00%;在烟粉虱虫口密度较大的环境中,烟粉虱成虫量分别下降70.61%和52.25%,若虫量分别下降70.21%和52.36%。番茄上用浓度为10-4、10-5、10-6、10-7 mol·L-1的茉莉酸甲酯喷施1次后,烟粉虱虫量分别下降75.08%、58.81%、45.04%和30.70%;增加喷施次数,烟粉虱虫量显著下降,如喷施浓度为10-5的茉莉酸甲酯1、2、3次后,烟粉虱虫量分别下降58.81%、69.28%、73.65%。秋季适当推迟辣椒定植时间,避开烟粉虱向温室内迁入的高峰,辣椒上烟粉虱虫口密度明显下降。与吡虫啉防治区相比,综合防治区(芹菜+蓖麻+MeJA处理)烟粉虱成虫和若虫量分别下降63.4%和59.0%,表现出较好的控制效果。To develop methods to control Bemisia tabaci （whitefly） on protected vegetables, we systematically studied the effects of growing castor-oil plants outside of sunlight greenhouse including chilli, planting celery between rows of to- mato, adjusting the planting time, and spraying methyl jasmonate on the chilli. The number of B. tabaci adults and nymphs on greenhouse-grown chilli was reduced by 74.27% and 53.48%, respectively, when castor-oil plants were grown outside of the greenhouse. Using tomatoes harboring B. tabaci at low population density, we grew celery between rows of tomato at tomato-to-celery ratios of 3 ： 1 and 8 ： 1, which resulted in a reduction in the number of B. tabaci adults of 89.33% and 88.00%, respectively, as well as a 50. 00% reduction in the number of nymphs; in tomatoes harboring B. tabaci at high density, the adult population was reduced by 70.61 % and 52.25 %, respectively, and the nymph population was reduced by 70. 21% and 52.36%, respectively. After a single spraying of methyl jasmonate at a concentration of 10^-4,10^-5,10^-6 and 10^-7 mol·L^-1 , the number of B. tabaci decreased by 75.08%, 58. 81%, 45.04% and 30.70%, respectively. As the frequency of spraying increased, the number of B. tabaci significantly decreased. In the autumn, the planting time of chilli should be postponed to avoid the peak time at which B. tabaci enters the greenhouse, which would reduce the population density significantly. Compared with an area in which B. tabaci was controlled with imidacloprid, the comprehensive control area （celery, castor and MeJA treatment） showed better performance, and the number of B. tabaci adults and nymphs decreased by 63.4 % and 59 %, respectively.

关 键 词：设施蔬菜 烟粉虱 芹菜 蓖麻 茉莉酸甲酯 生态控制 

分 类 号：S482.3[农业科学—农药学]