10个农家品种梨花粉形态扫描电镜观察  

SEM Observation on Pollen Morphology of 10 Local Pear Cultivars

作　　者：张演义[1,2] 张全军[3] 徐颖洁[4] 钟必凤[3] 任国慧[2] 王晨[2] 

机构地区：[1]聊城大学农学院,山东聊城252059 [2]南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095 [3]四川省农业科学院园艺研究所,四川成都610066 [4]南京农业大学作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2014年第5期2119-2123,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：科技部科技基础性工作专项子课题(2012FY110100-3)

摘　　要：利用扫描电镜和光学显微镜系统观察了10个农家品种梨花粉的外部形态和外壁纹饰;在对其花粉形态进行电镜观察研究的基础上,对花粉6个数量性状进行了聚类分析。结果表明:这些农家品种梨花粉粒大小属于小至中等范围;除方山飘梨、砂梨和他批梨等个别品种为超长球形外,其余品种属于长球形;10个农家品种梨花粉均属于N3P4C5型,萌发孔沟均为3条,孔沟几达两端,沟底未观察到有孔的痕迹;其侧面观为长椭圆形或椭圆形,极面观为3裂三角形或近圆形,赤道面观均为椭圆形,呈裂开状;表面具条纹状或网状纹饰和纹孔。根据聚类分析的结果推测:方山飘梨、汉源白梨、面包梨、桂花梨和大叶雪梨属于白梨系统;他批梨属于砂梨系统。Using scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy system,morphology and exine ornamentation of 10 local pear varieties were observed; Cluster analysis on six quantitative traits was done baaed on results of pollen morphology observation study.The results showed that：pollen size range of these local pear varieties was from small to medium; Most of local pear varieties were prolate except Fangshanpiao pear and Chinese sand pear and Tapi pear which were perprolate; Every local pear variety belonged to N3P4C5 type which had 3 germinal colporate lasting almost to two ends of the colporat; There were little traces of germinal apertures on base of gerninal colporat.The pollen was oblong or elliptic in side view and was trilobate triangle or trilobate circular in polar view; The equatorial view of these local pear varieties were oval and appeared to be cloven; There were striped or reticulate exine ornamentation and perforation in the surface.According to the results of cluster analysis,such results were conjectured：Fangshanpiao pear,Hanyuan white pear,bread pear,oemanthus pear and Dayexue pear belonged to Pyrus betschneideri Rehd,while Tapi pear belonged to Pyrus Brestchneideri Nak.

关 键 词：梨 农家品种 扫描电镜 花粉形态 聚类分析 

分 类 号：Q944.58[生物学—植物学]