学龄前儿童乳牙患龋状况及危险因素调查分析  

Investigation and analysis on dental caries of deciduous teeth and risk factors in preschool children

作　　者：陈尚徽 高红琼 张娜[1] 方红英[1] 陈京栋 汤银霞 马宝霞[1] 徐晓俊[1] 胡冬香[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省铜陵市妇幼保健院儿保科,244000

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2014年第34期5645-5647,共3页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：安徽省铜陵市科技局科研项目〔2012NS15〕

摘　　要：目的:了解铜陵市城区学龄前儿童乳牙患龋状况及其危险因素,为制定龋病的防治措施、提高口腔保健水平提供依据。方法:口腔专科医生对辖区内15所幼儿园2 559名学龄前儿童的患龋状况进行检查;利用自行设计的调查表,对其家长进行问卷调查,并对结果进行统计学分析。结果:龋齿患病率为42.40%,龋均1.54颗;各年龄组间患龋率差异有统计学意义(χ2=95.441,P<0.001,),患龋率随着年龄增长而上升;患龋率在不同性别、不同性质幼儿园、不同家庭之间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);患龋率、龋失、龋补的构成比分别是97.00%、2.28%、0.72%,龋齿充填率为1.84%。Logistic多因素分析结果显示,多吃甜食、可乐、睡前食甜食等因素是龋病的危险因素。结论:铜陵市城区学龄前儿童乳牙龋齿患病率低于国内相关文献报道,但治疗率较低,提示应加强口腔保健知识的宣传,提高儿童的口腔保健水平。Objective： To understand the condition of dental caries of deciduous teeth and risk factors in urban preschool children in Tong, ling, provide a basis for making prevention and treatment measures, improving oral health care level. Methods： The condition of dental caries of 2 559 preschool children from 15 kindergartens in Tongling was examined by special dentists; a selfdesigned questionnaire was used to survey their parents, then the results were analyzed statistically. Results： The incidence rate of dental caries was 42.4%, DM- FT was 1.54 ; there was statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of dental caries among different age groups （x^2 = 95.441, P 〈 0. 001 ） , the incidence rate of dental caries increased with age; there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of dental caries among the children of different genders, different kindergartens and different families （ P 〉 0. 05 ） ; the proportions of incidence rate of dental caries, DMFT and caries filling were 97.00%, 2. 28% and 0. 72% , respectively, the rate of caries filling was 1.84%. Logistic regression analysis showed eating more sweet food, coke and sweet food before sleep were risk factors of dental caries. Conclusion： The incidence rate of dental caries of deciduous teeth in urban preschool children in Tongling is lower than related domestic reports, but the cure rate is low, which indicates that publicity of oral health care knowledge should be enhanced to improve oral health care level of children.

关 键 词：乳牙龋齿 患龋状况 危险因素 

分 类 号：R781.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]