小儿癫痫持续状态15例临床分析  

Clinical analysis of status epilepticus in 15 children

作　　者：李婷婷[1,2] 高丽[1,2] 郭松伟[1,2] 刘艳萍[1,2] 曹睿明[1,2] 李岩[1,2] 王彦利[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学人民医院 [2]河南省人民医院儿科,郑州450003

出　　处：《中华实用诊断与治疗杂志》2014年第11期1110-1111,共2页Journal of Chinese Practical Diagnosis and Therapy

基　　金：河南省卫生厅科技攻关项目(201203093)

摘　　要：目的探讨小儿癫痫持续状态的病因、临床表现与治疗结局。方法回顾性分析15例癫痫持续状态患儿的临床资料。结果病因为癫痫者8例,病毒性脑炎4例,肾上腺皮质功能减退1例,脑瘫2例;12例为全面性发作,3例为局灶性发作;6例行常规脑电图检查,异常4例,正常2例,视频脑电图发现癫痫样放电4例;行头颅MRI检查8例,异常4例;13例经静脉注射安定、联合苯巴比妥肌内注射或水合氯醛灌肠后发作控制,1例给予丙戊酸钠静脉滴注后发作控制,1例加用氯硝基安定后抽搐停止。结论癫痫持续状态病因、临床表现形式不同,早期识别、快速有效控制发作是治疗关键。Objective To investigate the cause,manifestations and therapy of status epilepticus.Methods The clinical data of 15 children with status epilepticus were retrospectively analyzed.Results The causes of status epilepticus in 15 patients included epilepsy in 8,viral encephalitis in 4,adrenocortical hypofunction in 1,and cerebral palsy in2.Generalized seizure occurred in 12 and focal seizure occurred in 3.Routine EEG examination was done in 6patients,showing normal in 2and abnormal in 4.Video EEG revealed epileptiform discharges in 4.Eight patients underwent MRI and the results were abnormal in 4.The clinical seizures were controlled in 13 patients after intravenous injection of diazepam and intramuscular injection of phenobarbital or chloral hydrate enema,in 1patient after intravenous infusion of sodium valproate,and in 1patient after oral administration of clonazepam besides intravenous infusion of sodium valproate.Conclusion The causes and clinical manifestations of status epilepticus were varied.The early identification and quickly effective control of seizures are the key to the treatment status epilepticus.

关 键 词：癫痫 持续状态 儿童 

分 类 号：R742.1[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]