机构地区:[1]中山大学公共卫生学院,广东广州510080 [2]广东省疾病预防控制中心 [3]广东省疾病预防控制中心广东省公共卫生研究院
出 处:《华南预防医学》2014年第6期504-511,共8页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine
摘 要:目的研究极端低温对人群呼吸系统疾病发病住院的影响,以及不同地区和人群对该影响的效应修饰作用。方法收集广东省经济发达地区广州市番禺区和欠发达地区梅州兴宁市2006—2011年的呼吸系统疾病住院病例数的时间序列资料和相应的气象资料,运用分布滞后非线性模型分析2个地区极端气温(低于日均气温分布的第5百分位)与呼吸系统疾病住院人数的关系,并按不同性别和年龄进行分层分析。结果 2006—2011年番禺地区的日均气温的均值为22.7℃,共有24 216人次因呼吸系统疾病而在番禺区中心医院住院,平均每天有11.1人次。兴宁地区日均气温的均值为21.9℃,共有19 934人次在兴宁市人民医院住院,平均每天有9.1人次。日均气温与呼吸系统疾病住院人数间呈非线性关系,低温对2个地区的呼吸系统疾病发病住院影响有明显的滞后,兴宁在6.4℃、滞后13 d时RR值达到最大,为1.04(95%CI:1.02~1.06);番禺在9.9℃、滞后10 d时RR值最大,为1.03(95%CI:1.02~1.04)。滞后25 d内的累计效应中,番禺区在研究期气温分布的第5%(10.9℃)、10%(14.3℃)和25%(18.2℃)处对应的RR值分别为1.48(95%CI:1.13~1.94)、1.45(95%CI:1.12~1.82)和1.29(95%CI:1.10~1.51);兴宁市在研究期气温分布的第5%(9.8℃)、10%(11.7℃)和25%(17.1℃)处对应的RR值则分别为1.61(95%CI:1.17~2.21)、1.45(95%CI:1.08~1.96)和1.11(95%CI:0.94~1.35)。极端低温对各人群影响效应(RR值)随滞后日的变化呈现比较一致的趋势,在暴露后2~4 d才出现效应,之后效应慢慢增大,达到一定高峰后慢慢回落,为倒"U"型的分布形状。经济欠发达地区兴宁市的老年人群受极端低温的影响最大,其RR值达1.86(95%CI:1.04~3.31)。结论极端低温对人群呼吸系统疾病发病住院有显著影响,其中对经济欠发达地区的老年人群影响更加�Objective To explore the effects of extreme low temperatures on respiratory hospital admissions in Guangdong Province and effect modification of different regions and age groups. Methods Based on the time-series data of respiratory hospital admissions and meteorological variables in Panyu District( developed region) and Xingning County( underdeveloped region) of Guangdong Province during2006- 2011,the relationship between extreme low temperatures( below the 5th percentile of daily average temperature distribution) and respiratory hospital admissions was analyzed with distributed lag non-linear model,and stratified analysis by sex and age group was also conducted. Results The mean of daily average temperature was 22. 7 ℃ in Panyu,and the total respiratory hospital admissions were 24 216 in Panyu Central Hospital with a daily average of 11. 1 during 2006- 2011. The mean of daily average temperature was 21. 9 ℃ in Xingning,and the total respiratory hospital admissions were 19 934 in Xingning People's Hospital with a daily average of 9. 1 in the same period. The effect of daily average temperature on respiratory hospital admissions was non-linear,and low temperatures had significant lagged effects for the 2 regions,with the RRs reaching the maximum of 1. 04( 95% CI: 1. 02- 1. 06) at 6. 4 ℃ on lagged 13 days for Xingning and 1. 03( 95% CI: 1. 02- 1. 04) at 9. 9 ℃ on lagged 10 days for Panyu,respectively. For the cumulative lagged effects during the 25 lagged days,the RRs were 1. 48( 95% CI: 1. 13- 1. 94),1. 45( 95% CI: 1. 12- 1. 82) and 1. 29( 95% CI: 1. 10- 1. 51) respectively at the 5th percentile( 10. 9 ℃),10 th percentile( 14. 3 ℃) and 25 th percentile( 18. 2 ℃) of daily average temperature distribution for Panyu,and were 1. 61( 95% CI: 1. 17- 2. 21),1. 45( 95% CI: 1. 08- 1. 96) and 1. 11( 95% CI: 0. 94-1. 35) for Xingning. The change of effects( RRs) associated with extreme low temperatures along the lagged days showed a s
分 类 号:R122.21[医药卫生—环境卫生学]
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