黄土高塬沟壑区植物对土质路蓄水减沙及水力参数的影响  

Water Storage,Sediment Reduction and Hydraulic Parameters as Affected by Vegetation on Earth Roads in the Gully Area of the Loess Tableland

作　　者：欧阳潮波 王文龙[1,2] 黄鹏飞 朱宝才[1,4] 李建明[1] 李艳富[5] 王浩[6] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [3]江西省水土保持科学研究院土壤侵蚀与防治重点实验室,江西南昌330029 [4]山西农业大学林学院,山西太谷030801 [5]南京水利科学研究院,江苏南京210000 [6]清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《草地学报》2014年第5期971-979,共9页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目"三江源河湖沉积物的风沙侵蚀及生态修复研究"(51309154);国家"十一五"科技支撑项目"高塬沟壑区农果林多元综合治理模式研究与示范"(2006BAD09B09-01);黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室专项(20502-T1)资助

摘　　要：采用野外放水冲刷试验,分析黄土高塬沟壑区种植冰草对道路蓄水减沙及水动力参数的影响。研究结果将为黄土高塬沟壑区沟坡防治与区域生态环境治理提供科学依据与途径。结果表明:当坡度为3°,6°和9°时,植物路平均蓄水量较土质路分别增加13.01%,22.45%和24.60%,而输沙量分别减少45.52%,68.34%和74.22%,道路的入渗率随放水历时呈双曲线型变化;输沙模数与放水流量呈显著线性相关,与流速呈二次函数关系;植物路通过降低流速、提高阻力系数达到减沙目的。Effects of planting wheatgrass on the water storage,sediment reduction and hydraulic parameters of earth road were studied by a field scouring experiment.This study may provide a scientific basis and an approach for protecting gully slopes and improving regional eco-environment in the gully of the loess tableland.Results showed that in comparison with earth road,the average water storages of plant-covered road with 3°,6° and 9° slopes increased by 13.01%,22.45% and 24.60%,and the sediment yields of the plant-covered road with the three slopes decreased by 45.52%,68.34% and 74.22%,respectively.The rate of infiltration into road varied hyperbolically with water discharging time,while sediment transport modulus had a significant liner correlation with inflow discharge and was the quadratic function of flow velocity.Plant-covered road reduced the sediment yield by decreasing flow velocity and increasing resistance coefficient.

关 键 词：黄土高塬沟壑区 植物路 蓄水减沙 水动力学参数 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学] TV131.2[农业科学—农业基础科学]