甲壳素及其衍生物的制备与抑菌活性研究  

Preparation and Antibacterial Activity of Chitin and Its Derivatives

作　　者：尹秀莲[1,2] 游庆红[1,2,3] 周兴海[1] 

机构地区：[1]淮阴工学院江苏省生物质转化与过程集成工程实验室,江苏淮安223001 [2]南京大学淮安高新技术研究院,江苏淮安223001 [3]江苏省生物质能与酶技术重点实验室,江苏淮安223300

出　　处：《食品研究与开发》2014年第19期13-17,共5页Food Research and Development

基　　金：江苏省科技厅资助项目(No.BN2011008);江苏省教育厅资助项目(No.12KJB480003);江苏省生物质能与酶技术重点实验室开放课题(No.JSBEET1203)

摘　　要：对从龙虾废弃物制备的甲壳素、壳聚糖及其衍生物甲壳低聚糖、氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐对3种G-菌与3种G+菌的抗菌活性进行了研究。MIC试验结果表明甲壳低聚糖、氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐对所有测试菌株的MIC均<0.01%,比甲壳素、壳聚糖表现出更高的抑菌活性。通过绘制生长曲线,对4种物质的抑菌活性进行研究,结果表明0.1%的壳聚糖能抑制64%的枯草芽孢杆菌和蜡样芽孢杆菌,说明杆菌属对壳聚糖比较敏感,甲壳低聚糖对G+菌都表现出较强的抑菌作用,氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐能完全抑制金黄色葡萄球菌的生长。甲壳素和壳聚糖对G-大肠杆菌、绿脓假单胞菌有一定的抑制作用,对沙门氏菌基本没有抑制作用。0.1%的甲壳低聚糖与氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐对几种G-菌的抑制作用较强。甲壳素和壳聚糖可作为较有效的抑菌剂,甲壳低聚糖与氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐可作为几种受试G-菌的杀菌剂。The antimicrobial activities of chitin, chitosan isolated from shrimp shell waste and their derivate chito-oligosaccharides, glucosamine hydroehlorid against three Gram-positive and three Gram-negative bacteria were studied. Results of MIC experiments showed that the MIC of chito-oligosaccharides and glucosamine hydrochlorid were all 〈0.01%, their antimicrobial activities were higher than that of chitin and chitosan. Through growth curve, the antimicrobial activities were studied. Results showed that chitosan of 0.1% could inhibit 64 % Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus, which demonstrated that Bacillus are more sensitive to chitosan. Chito- oligosaeeharides showed strong antimicrobial activities to all Gram-positive bacteria. Gucosamine hydrochlorid could inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus completely. Chitin and chitosan showed some inhibit activity on Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but have no effect on Salmonella typhi. chito-oligosaccharides and glucosamine hydrochlorid of 0.1% had strong inhibit effect on all three Gram- negative bacteria. Chitin and chitosan can be used as effective bacterial inhibitor, chito-oligosaccharides and glucosamine hydrochlorid can be used as bacteriocide of the three Gram-negative bacteria used in the experiments.

关 键 词：甲壳素 壳聚糖 甲壳低聚糖 氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐 抑菌 

分 类 号：O636[理学—高分子化学]