不同产地荷花花粉与玉米花粉营养成分及含量分析  

Nutrient Content of Lotus Pollen and Corn Pollen from Different Regions

作　　者：崔学沛 吴小波[2] 刘锋[1] 王颖[1] 曾志将[2] 胥保华[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学动物科技学院,山东泰安271018 [2]江西农业大学蜜蜂研究所,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2014年第11期124-128,共5页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家蜂产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-45);公益性行业(农业)科研专项"饲料营养价值与畜禽饲养标准研究与应用"(200903006)

摘　　要：为探究不同产地荷花花粉和玉米花粉的营养成分及含量,按标准方法分别检测分析了鲁、鄂、赣、晋等地区样品中氨基酸、脂肪酸及矿物质含量。结果表明,花粉样品中共检测出氨基酸18种;每种花粉中氨基酸总量占该种花粉质量的比值范围为,荷花花粉12.58%-22.96%,玉米花粉15.32%-16.67%。必需氨基酸含量丰富,每种花粉中必需氨基酸（EAA）与该花粉氨基酸总量（TAA）之比的范围为,荷花花粉38.76%-42.77%,玉米花粉36.42%-38.90%。两种花粉的脂肪酸种类、含量差异较大,但不饱和脂肪酸含量均很丰富;每种花粉中不饱和脂肪酸占该种花粉脂肪酸总量的比值范围为,荷花花粉46.06%-76.37%,玉米花粉60.69%-64.99%;多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）与饱和脂肪酸（SFA）相对含量的比值（P/S）范围为,荷花花粉0.78-2.90,玉米花粉1.39-1.75;必需脂肪酸中α-亚麻酸含量最高。花粉样品中钙、磷、铜、铁、锌、锰、钾、钠、镁、硒等10种矿物质元素含量随花粉种类和产地不同而存在较大差异。In order to study the differences of nutritional components and their contents between lotus pollen and corn pollen from different regions,the pollen samples from Shandong,Hubei,Jiangxi and Shanxi provinces were detected and analyzed in amino acids,fatty acids and mineral substances according to the standard methods.The results showed that 18 kinds of amino acids were detected out from pollen samples; the ratio of total amino acids to the weight of lotus pollen and corn pollen were 12.58% - 22.96% and 15.32% -16.67% respectively.Both the two kinds of pollens were rich in essential amino acids（ EAA）,which occupied the total amino acids（ TAA） by 38.76% - 42.77% and 36.42% - 38.90% respectively in lotus pollen and corn pollen.The sorts and contents of fatty acids in two pollens had larger differences.However,the contents of unsaturated fatty acids（ UFA） were very rich in both.The ratio of UFA to TFA（ total fatty acids） was46.06% - 76.37% in lotus pollen,and 60.69% - 64.99% in corn pollen; the ratio of PUFA（ unsaturated fatty acids） to SFA（ saturated fatty acids） was 0.78 - 2.90 in lotus pollen,and 1.39 - 1.75 in corn pollen.The content of α- linolenic acid was the highest in essential fatty acids（ EFA）.The collected samples also contained 10 kinds of mineral elements（ Ca,P,Cu,Fe,Zn,Mn,K,Na,Mg,Se）,and their contents varied with the type and origin of pollen.

关 键 词：荷花花粉 玉米花粉 氨基酸 脂肪酸 矿物质 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S682.32