渔用纳米蒙脱土改性聚乳酸纤维制备及性能  

Preparation and properties of fishery polylactic acid fiber modified by nano-montmorillonite

作　　者：闵明华[1] 陈晓蕾[1] 余雯雯[1] 黄洪亮[1] 马海有[1] 石建高[1] 刘永利[1] 王磊[1] 王鲁民[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室、中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2014年第6期557-564,共8页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项项目(2014A10YQ01)

摘　　要：以双官能团有机化改性纳米蒙脱土(nano-MMT)为改性添加剂,采用熔融纺丝工艺制备渔用nanoMMT改性聚乳酸(PLA)纤维,研究了渔用改性PLA纤维的形态结构、力学性能、热稳定性和耐磨性能。结果表明,双官能团有机化改性纳米蒙脱土的加入,能够提高PLA纤维的结晶速度和结晶度。当nano-MMT含量为0.5%时,所制得改性PLA纤维的综合力学性能最优,断裂强度为3.2 c N/dtex,断裂伸长率为26.8%。改性PLA纤维的热降解性能下降意味着nano-MMT的加入有利于其在实际使用过程中的降解。在干摩擦和水润滑两种条件下,纯PLA纤维的耐磨度分别为2.20 F/tex和5.76 F/tex。当加入0.5%nano-MMT时,纳米蒙脱土改性聚乳酸(nano-MMT/PLA)纤维在干摩擦和水润滑两种条件下的耐磨度分别为2.34 F/tex和6.03 F/tex,此时nano-MMT/PLA纤维的耐磨性能最好。当nano-MMT的含量增加时(≥0.5%),nano-MMT/PLA纤维的耐磨性反而下降。Study on biodegradable fiber materials for fishing was just beginning all over the world, and the relevant research was lack. Adjusting the structure and properties and exploring the degradation mechanism of biodegradable fiber materials for fishing had important significance to solve ＂ghost fishing＂ phenomenon in the ocean. In this paper, nano-montmorillonite （nano-MMT） was bifunctional modified and then added into polylactic acid （PLA） to fabricate fishery polylactic acid fiber by melting process. Morphologies, mechanical properties, thermal stability and wear-resisting properties of the nano-MMT modified PLA （nano-MMT/PLA） fibers were studied. （ 1 ） Bifunctional organic modification of nano-MMT Nanoparticles were wildly used for modification of polymer materials, and its＇ dispersion was the key factor to affect the properties of the resulting composite. The organic modification of nanoparticles can improve the interaction between the nanoparticles and polymer chains, which could improve the compatibility of the composite. Na-montmorillonite was modified by tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium bronfide by the ion-exchanged reaction first and then with the 2,3-Epoxypropoxy propyltrimethoxysilicane （KH560） to get the bifunctional organic modified nano-MMT. （2） Morphologies and thermal stability of fishery nano-MMT/PLA fibers It was found that addition of bifunctional modified nano-MMT could not affect the morphology of the nano- MMT/PLA fibers, and the resulting fibers showed smooth surface. Addition of the bifunctional modified nano- MMT can improve the crystallization rate and crystallinity of PLA, but the thermal decomposition temperature of the nano-MMT/PLA fibers was reduced. The decrease of the thermal degradation of the modified PLA fibers showed that it was possible to increase the degradation when the fiber was used in practice. （3） The mechanical properties of fishery nano-MMT/PLA fibers With the addition amount of nano-MMT increased, the breaking strength of nano-MMT/PLA i

关 键 词：渔用纤维 可降解 聚乳酸 纳米蒙脱土 耐磨性 

分 类 号：S971.1[农业科学—捕捞与储运]