从气旋和反气旋谈正、负阻尼  

Positive and Negative Damping in Cyclones and Anticyclones

作　　者：刘式达[1] 刘式适[1] 付遵涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学物理学院大气与海洋科学系气候与海-气实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《大气科学》2014年第6期1041-1043,共3页Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目40975027

摘　　要：在定常条件下,利用简化的大气运动控制方程,分析了气旋与反气旋的基本特征。在此基础上,利用常微分方程的定性分析与求解,获得了气旋和反气旋轨道的解析解。接合气旋与反气旋的基本特征,论证了正负阻尼在气旋和反气旋运动中具体体现,并从物理机理上说明产生气旋和反气旋运动中正负阻尼的差异在于水平辐合在低层的不同。Under steady conditions, simplified control equations of atmospheric motion are used to analyze the basic characteristics of cyclones and anticyclones. On this basis, analytic solutions of cyclonic and anti-cyclonic trajectories are derived by qualitatively analyzing and solving ordinary differential equations. By combining the basic characteristics of cyclones and anticyclones, it is demonstrated that positive and negative damping behaviors are present in cyclonic and anti-cyclonic motions and that the physical mechanism of the negative damping in these motions results from various tvlaes of horizontal convergence at low levels.

关 键 词：正阻尼 负阻尼 气旋 反气旋 轨道 

分 类 号：P432[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]