区域污染对本底地区气溶胶光学特性及辐射强迫影响的地基和卫星遥感观测研究  

Observation Study on Aerosol Optical Properties and Radiative Forcing Using the Ground-based and Satellite Remote Sensing at Background Station During the Regional Pollution Episodes

作　　者：张小玲[1,2] 夏祥鳌[3] 车慧正[4] 汤洁[5] 唐宜西[6] 孟伟[1] 董璠[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局北京城市气象研究所,北京100089 [2]京津冀环境气象预报预警中心,北京100089 [3]中国科学院大气物理研究所中层大气和全球环境探测重点实验室,北京100029 [4]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081 [5]中国气象局气象探测中心,北京100081 [6]成都信息工程学院大气科学学院,成都620225

出　　处：《环境科学》2014年第7期2439-2448,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41075111;41030107;41005086;41175031);公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY200806027;GYHY201206037)

摘　　要：基于华北区域大气本底站（北京上甸子站）地面观测和卫星遥感监测数据,分析了2011年10月1-15日在天气系统和人为污染物排放的影响下3次华北平原地区污染输送事件对本底地区气溶胶质量浓度及其光学特性的显著影响.结果表明,受人为污染事件输送影响,上甸子站10月4-5日、7-9日及11-12日气溶胶浓度和反应性气体浓度显著增加,和10月1-3日背景条件相比,反应性气体NOx、CO体积浓度增加3-6倍,SO2体积浓度增加了10-20倍;PM2.5质量浓度10月9日达到200μg·m-3;污染期间500 nm日平均气溶胶光学厚度达到0.60-1.00,气溶胶单次散射反照率低于0.88,黑碳浓度增加4-8倍,表明此次污染事件气溶胶吸收很强,因气溶胶吸收作用导致大气吸收太阳辐射增加100-400 W·m-2,气溶胶吸收和散射导致地表入射太阳辐射下降100-300 W·m-2,地表入射太阳辐射减弱且大气加热增强将导致大气稳定度增加,这可能将显著影响云和降水过程,对区域天气和气候产生重要影响.The significant effect of anthropogenic pollutants transportation on the physical and optical properties of regional background atmospheric aerosol was studied by using ground-based and satellite remote sensing data obtained at the atmospheric background station（ Shangdianzi,Beijing） of North China during October 1 to 15 in 2011. The aerosol mass concentration and reactive gases concentration increased obviously during periods of October 4-5,October 7-9,and October 11-12. Comparing with the background period of October 1-3,volume concentration increased by a factor of 3-6 for reactive gases such as NOxand CO,and a factor of 10-20for SO2. Mass concentration of PM2. 5was about 200 μg·m^- 3on October 9. During haze period,the AOD at 500 nm varied between0. 60 to 1. 00. The single scattering albedo（ SSA） was lower than 0. 88. And the black carbon concentration increased 4-8 times,which suggested the aerosol absorption was very strong during this pollution episode. The absorption of aerosol particles could cause100-400 W·m- 2increase of atmospheric radiation. The surface radiation decreased by about 100-300 W·m- 2due to the aerosol scattering and absorption. This could cause higher stability of atmosphere,which will significantly affect the cloud and precipitation,and thus the regional weather and climate.

关 键 词：气溶胶光学特性 大气污染 辐射强迫 地基和卫星遥感观测 上甸子本底站 

分 类 号：X122[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X87