基于多源数据融合的南四湖湿地生态系统服务功能价值评估  

Valuation of Nansihu Lake Wetland Ecosystem Services Based on Multi-Sources Data Fusion

作　　者：马占东 高航 杨俊[1,2] 席建超[2] 李雪铭 葛全胜[2] 

机构地区：[1]自然地理与空间信息科学辽宁省重点实验室,大连116029 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《资源科学》2014年第4期840-847,共8页Resources Science

基　　金：国家科技部支撑计划:"南四湖核心区生态带构建技术及示范--南四湖核心区生态系统评估与演变趋势研究"(编号:2012BAC04B00)

摘　　要：随着对湿地生态系统研究的深入,湿地的生态服务价值越来越受到学者的重视。研究以南四湖湿地生态系统为例,通过遥感和地理信息系统软件处理高清影像解译生成的景观数据以及MODIS处理生成的NPP数据,运用市场价值法、碳税法与造林成本法、影子工程法、费用支出法、专家估算法、替代费用法以及生态价值等多种方法对南四湖湿地生态系统物质生产功能、大气调节功能、蓄水功能、调蓄洪水功能、休闲娱乐功能、文化科研功能、养分循环功能以及生物栖息地功能等服务功能价值进行估算。结果表明:①南四湖湿地服务功能价值总和为131亿元,其中调节功能价值最大,达到56.77亿元,其次是支持功能和文化功能,价值量为52.77亿元和15.07亿元,最后是物质生产功能价值为6.39亿元;②虽然人工湿地面积占研究区域总面积的59%以上,其生态服务功能价值总量还不到自然湿地的生态服务功能价值总量的一半。Wetlands are one of the three great ecological systems on earth. With a deepening of research on wetland ecosystems, researchers have paid more and more attention on wetland comprehensive eco-environmental and productive services in terms of flood mitigation, climate control, pollution prevention, soil-erosion reduction, environment beautification, biodiversity maintenance, and bio-productivity protection. Here, we focus on the Nasihu wetland ecological system and estimate the value of ecosystem services such as material production, atmosphere regulation, water retention ability, flood control, recreation service, culture and scientific research, nutrient cycling and wild species habitat based on landscape data through interpreting high-definition images and NPP data processed by MODIS. We adopted the market value method, carbon tax and afforestation cost method, shadow engineering method, cost method, substitution expense, expert method and other methods. Results show that the total value of the ecosystem services of the wetland was 13.1billion CNY every year. Among these services, regulating function had the maximal va1ue of 5.677 billion CNY per year, followed by support function and cultural function（5.277 billion CNY and 1.507 billion CNY per year respectively）. The supply function had the lowest value of 0.639 billion CNY per year. Although the area of artificial wetland was at one time more than that of natural wetland, the ecological service value of the artificial accounts for more than 59% of the total wetland. When considering the wetland for economic development, other functions must be considered in addition to material production to arrive at a longer-term economic value.

关 键 词：生态系统服务功能 价值评估 南四湖湿地 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]