数字时代的手写危机和教育对策  

Decline of Handwriting and Related Educational Policy in Digital Era

作　　者：陈菊咏[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学对外汉语学院,上海200062

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2014年第22期44-49,共6页Research in Educational Development

基　　金：教育部人文社科一般项目"教育神经科学的前沿研究:科学的教育均衡政策与实践研究"(10YJAZH139)的部分成果

摘　　要：写字是一个复杂的功能,依赖一个很大的分布式的神经网络,由一个"书写脑"也即大脑的字形书写运动中心负责储存和提取字形运动信息。"书写脑"不仅在书写过程中被激活,在阅读时也被激活,在识别手写字时激活程度更高。另外,在学习文字时手写练习的效果也好于打字。数字时代,打字取代了写字,成为主要的文字输出方式。这不得不让人担心数字时代"书写脑"的功能受到影响,产生书写危机。汉字的表意特点使得这个问题对汉语来说尤为迫切,因为打字简化掉了很多写字所需的字形运动信息。在学校教育中保证一定时间的手写教学和一定比例的手写字呈现,是因应手写危机保护"书写脑"的两个主要的教育对策。Handwriting is a complex function and involve multiple cognitive processes. It relies on a distributed cerebral network. There is a ＂handwriting brain＂, i.e. handwriting specific brain areas, which is responsible for the graphemie and motor representations of handwriting. ＂Handwriting brain＂ will be activated both during writing and reading. The activation will be stronger while reading handwritten characters compared to printed ones. Also it＇s more efficient to learn new characters through handwriting than through typing. In digital era we type more and handwrite less, read print style materials more and handwritten things less. It＇s reasonable to think about how to protect our ＂handwriting brain＂ in advance. This is more urgent to Chinese. Because Chinese characters are ideograms and the orthographies are more complicated. To keep proper percentage of handwriting practice and keep proper percentage of handwritten materials reading in school education are two ways our education system can to protect our ＂handwriting brain＂.

关 键 词：手写 打字 神经科学 书写脑 教育对策 

分 类 号：G633.3[文化科学—教育学]