论道德—形上学的能力之知——基于赖尔与王阳明的探讨  

On Knowing How in Morality and Metaphysics——An Exploration of Gilbert Ryle and Wang Yangming

作　　者：郁振华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学哲学系 [2]华东师范大学中国现代思想文化研究所

出　　处：《中国社会科学》2014年第12期22-41,205-206,共20页Social Sciences in China

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(10BZX048);教育部重点研究基地重大项目(11JJD720019)的资助

摘　　要：在当代西方哲学理智主义和反理智主义之争的背景下,考察王阳明的知行合一论和致良知说,可以发现其核心在于道德的能力之知。立足于赖尔能力之知概念之活动/行动、智力和能力三层规定来分析,道德的能力之知既是一种关于道德规范的实施性知识,须以身心一体的躬行实践来表达,也表现为一种既稳定一贯又活泼灵动的实践智慧。王阳明的知行合一论和致良知说与万物一体的思想相贯通、相交织,在万物一体的道德的形上学的构架内,道德的能力之知被进一步提升为道德—形上学的能力之知。作为实践智慧—形上智慧,道德—形上学的能力之知不仅指向人类道德领域,而且指向作为道德共同体的整个宇宙。Consideration of Wang Yangming's theories of the unity of knowledge and action and of innate or intuitive knowledge against the background of the debate between intellectualism and anti-intellectualism in contemporary Western philosophy shows that the 'knowing how'of morality constitutes its core.An analysis based on the three dimensions of activity/action,intelligence and ability in Ryle's concept of knowing how shows that the knowing how of morality consists of both practical knowledge of moral norms,which needs to be expressed through practice involving the unity of body and mind,and practical,stable,consistent,active,and lively practical intelligence.Wang Yangming's theories of the unity of knowledge and action and intuitive knowledge relate to and intertwine with his idea of the oneness of all things.In the metaphysical framework of the morality of the oneness of all things,the knowing how of morality is raised to the level of the knowing how of morality-metaphysics.As practical-metaphysical intelligence,this form of knowing how directs us not only to the domain of human morality but also to the whole universe as a moral community.

关 键 词：能力之知 知行合一 实践智慧 道德的形上学 

分 类 号：B248.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学] B561.59