燃煤型砷中毒病区尿砷甲基化代谢和砷致皮肤损伤危险度的关系初探  

Urinary Arsenic Methylation Abilities of Population Exposed to Elevated Arsenic Content Coal Used for Living and Their Relationship with Skin Lesions in A Village,Shaan'xi Province

作　　者：高健伟[1] 虞江萍[1] 韦炳干[1] 柴园庆 杨林生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所"陆地表层格局与模拟"院重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2014年第6期1197-1203,共7页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41230749):饮水和燃煤砷污染生态系统中砷从环境到人体转化的比较研究

摘　　要：砷中毒具有特异的皮肤损伤特征.为了研究燃煤型砷中毒病区高砷暴露、人体甲基化代谢能力与皮肤损伤患病风险之间的关系,在陕南典型燃煤型砷中毒村进行了皮肤损伤诊断和流行病学调查,采集尿样并分析总砷及形态砷含量,同时计算了用于表征人体砷甲基化代谢能力的指标包括尿中无机砷、一甲基砷和二甲基砷占总砷的百分含量（iAs％、MMA％、DMA％）,以及一甲基化率（PMI=MMA/iAs）和二甲基化率（SMI=DMA/MMA）.Logistic回归分析结果表明：尿总砷含量（U-TAs）是砷致皮肤损伤的危险因素（OR=1.038,95％ CI：1.003 ～ 1.073）,二甲基砷百分含量和SMI是皮肤损伤的保护因素（OR=0.883,95％ CI：0.798～0.976; OR=0.724,95％ CI：0.535～0.978）;且砷致皮肤损伤的危险度随砷暴露水平的增高和甲基化能力的降低而增大.Population exposed to arsenic either by drinking water or by burning coal for cooking/heating have been diagnosed with skin lesions in many rural villages in China. Studies on the risk of skin lesions and their relationship with urinary total arsenic （U-TAs） have been presented in some drinking-water contaminated areas, but few studies have been done in the villages burning arsenic contaminated coal. This study was conducted in a village in Shaan＇xi Province, where the people sustained burning a kind of local arsenic contamina-ted coal for cooking or heating. Skin lesions induced by arsenic exposure were diagnosed by specialist following the diagnostic criterion of endemic arsemism of China （WS/T211-2001）. Morning urinary samples of the ex- posed population were collected to analyse total arsenic （TA） and four species of arsenic, e.g. arsenite （As3＋）, arsenate （As5＋）, monomethylarsonic acid （MMA5%） and dimethylarsinic acid （DMA5＋ ）. Percents of inorganic arsenic （iAs%）, monomethylarsonic acid （MMAS＋%） and dimethylarsinic acid （DMAS＋ %）, as well as the pri- mary arsenic methylation index （PMI, MMA5/iAs） and secondary arsenic methylation index （SMI, DMAS＋/ MMA5＋） were calculated for analyzing their relations with the risks of skin lesions. The logistic regression analysis results show that U-TAs is a risk factor of skin lesions （OR = 1.038, 95% CI： 1.003 - 1.073）, while DMA5 ＋ % and SMI are protecting factors （OR = 0.883, 95% CI： 0.798 - 0.976; OR = 0.724, 95% CI： 0.535 - 0.978）. Population with higher U-TAs and lower DMA＋% and SMI face higher risk of skin lesions.

关 键 词：尿砷 皮肤损伤 风险 甲基化代谢 logistic回归 燃煤型砷中毒 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]