英语的Zipf分布和二语学习者的高频语言点  

Zipfian distributions in English and EFL learners' high frequent language points

作　　者：钟志英[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学外国语学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《外语界》2014年第6期2-10,共9页Foreign Language World

基　　金：广东省2013年度教育科研"十二五"规划研究项目"二语学习者高频程式语的心理表征研究"(编号2013JK024)的部分成果

摘　　要：本文探讨了英语本族语者语言的单词、短语、构式和语义网络等层面的分布情况,发现各个层面均存在Zipf分布规律,这一规律突显了"高频"的重要性。二语学习者的英语语言使用则呈现"泰迪熊效应":过多使用个别高频词或短语,主动使用层面的高频词或短语尤其缺乏。Zipf分布规律对我国英语教学具有一定启示:一方面,教学理念上要注重高频语言点;另一方面,教学实践上要注重激活高频语言点,将高频词或短语从被动认知层面激活到主动使用层面。This paper explores the distributions of words, phrases, constructions, and semantic networks in the Eng- lish language used by native English speakers, and finds in all dimensions Zipf＇s law that highlights the importance of ＂high frequency＂. As to English of second language learners, it displays the ＂teddy bear effect＂, which implies that they usually overuse several high frequent words or phrases, and underuse high frequent words or phrases especially in active productive modalities. Zipfian distributions provide some pedagogical implications for EFL teaching in China. On one hand, importance should be attached to high frequent language points, such as high frequent words or phrases. On the other hand, high frequent language points should be activated from passive recognition modalities to active productive modalities.

关 键 词：Zipf定律 高频 单词 短语 泰迪熊 

分 类 号：H319[语言文字—英语]