快速交会对接若干关键技术问题研究  

Study on Several Key Technical Problems of Fast Rendezvous and Docking

作　　者：巩庆海[1] 宋征宇[1] 吕新广[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航天自动控制研究所,北京100854

出　　处：《航天控制》2014年第6期16-21,25,共7页Aerospace Control

摘　　要：综合相关文献,提炼出调相轨道设计,入轨精度对调相的影响评估和可变推力下入轨精度改进效果分析等快速交会对接关键技术问题。对比天宫和国际空间站的对接模式差异,比较分析了3种备选快速对接调相轨道的优缺点,给出了合理可行的实现建议。仿真分析表明,圆调相轨道、增大轨道差和双调相轨道配置有利于快速交会对接的灵活实现。通过对调相轨道和入轨精度匹配性的量化分析,提出了运载火箭进一步提高入轨精度的实现方法,为快速交会对接方案提供了有益参考。Deriving from relative documents , the key problems to be considered and solved of the mode change are presented, including phasing orbit design, insert precision impact on phasing and the analysis of insert precision improvement. By comparing with the rendezvous and docking mode between TianGong and the ISS, the merits and drawbacks of the three candidate phasing orbits are demonstrated along with a reasonable proposal. The simulation results indicate that the circle phasing orbit, augmentation of orbit height difference and two phasing orbits are more flexible for the application of fast mode. By quantitatively analyzing of phasing orbit and insert precision matching, some useful proposals for fast rendezvous and docking are provided.

关 键 词：快速交会对接 轨道调相 运载火箭 迭代制导 入轨精度 

分 类 号：V448.2[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]