基于振声时三维图的高压断路器机械故障诊断方法  

Mechanical Fault Diagnosis of High Voltage Circuit Breaker Based on Three-dimensional Vibration-acoustics-time Diagram

作　　者：张佩[1] 周秀萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]国网宁夏电力公司科学研究院,银川750011

出　　处：《高压电器》2014年第12期121-125,共5页High Voltage Apparatus

摘　　要：分析高压断路器机械振动信号和声波信号的特性,针对现有诊断方法的不足,笔者提出了一种基于振声时三维图的高压断路器机械故障诊断方法,并给出了可行的诊断步骤和分析。此方法首先利用分级多时标信号对准的方法构建振声时三维图,然后提取断路器振声时三维图的包络,最后采用基于形状的分级特征向量提取方法构建支持向量机的输入向量进行故障诊断。其中,一级特征提取振声时三维图包络六面八角的特征向量,二级特征提取振声时三维图二维投影的区域弦的分布特征。实验结果表明,该方法诊断高压断路器机械故障能取得良好的效果。To investigate the characteristics of mechanical vibration signals and acoustic signals of high voltage circuit breakers,a new mechanical fault diagnosis method was proposed based on three-dimensional vibration-acoustics-time diagram,which outperforms the existing mechanical fault diagnosis method.The corresponding diagnostic procedure is proposed and analyzed in this paper.First,a three-dimensional vibration-acoustics-time diagram was built by using the alignment method of hierarchical multiple time-scale signals.Then the envelope of the three-dimensional diagram was extracted.Finally,the input vector of the support vector machine（SVM） was constructed for fault diagnosis by adopting the shape-based extraction method of hierarchical feature vector,where the feature vector of six sides and eight angles of the three-dimensional diagram envelope was extracted as the first-level feature vector,and the region chord distribution of the three-dimensional diagram＇s two-dimensional projection was extracted as the second-level feature vector.Experiment shows that the proposed mechanical fault diagnosis method is effective.

关 键 词：高压断路器 形状特征 特征向量 支持向量机 故障诊断 

分 类 号：TM561[电气工程—电器]