羊角月牙藻在制药废水毒性评价中的应用  

Application of Selenastrum capricornutum in a Pharmaceutical Wastewater Toxicity Assessment

作　　者：杜丽娜[1] 曹宇[2] 穆玉峰 余若祯[1] 许秋瑾[1] 高俊发[2] 左剑恶[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院、环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [2]长安大学环境科学与工程学院,陕西西安710061 [3]清华大学环境学院,北京100084

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2014年第12期1525-1531,共7页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07501-003,2014ZX07510-001,2009ZX07529-006)

摘　　要：以羊角月牙藻(FACHB-271 Selenastrum capricornutum)作为测试生物,分别采用EC50(半数抑制浓度)、TUa(急性毒性单位)和LID(最低无效应稀释度)指标对某制药厂污水处理站4个工艺节点和总出水排放口的水样进行急性毒性效应评价.结果表明:地下调节池(工艺节点1)水样EC50为15.12%±3.82%,TUa为6.6,LID为16,为极毒/中毒废水;地上调节池(工艺节点2)水样EC50为15.81%±1.04%,TUa为6.3,LID为16,为极毒/中毒废水;中间沉淀池(工艺节点3)水样EC50为62.12%±3.83%,TUa为1.6,LID为8,为中毒/低毒废水;二级沉淀池(工艺节点4)水样EC50为89.10%±1.43%,TUa为1.1,LID为4,为低毒废水;总出水排放口水样EC50>100%,TUa<1,LID为1,为无毒或微毒废水.经过各污水处理工艺节点后,制药废水对羊角月牙藻的急性毒性逐级减弱,并且毒性指标与ρ(CODCr)具有较好的线性关系.研究还发现,采用毒性指标LID表征该制药废水的生物毒性,对废水样品的毒性分辨能力更强.A green algae species （Selenastrum capricornutum, FACHB-271 ） was applied to study the acute toxicity of wastewater from a pharmaceutical manufacturer. Wastewater samples were collected from four treatment process nodes and the effluent of a pharmaceutical wastewater treatment. The acute toxic effects were evaluated by the level of EC50 （concentration for 50% of maximal effect）, TU, （acute toxic unit） and LID （lowest ineffective dilution）. The samples from the underground and ground regulating pool were extremely/ moderately toxic. Underground （ process node 1 ） ： EC50 = 15. 12% ± 3.82% , TUa = 6. 6, LID = 16 ; Ground （process node 2） ： EC50 = 15.81% ± 1.04% , TU = 6. 3, LID = 16） ; the primary setting pool wastewater （proeess node 3）, EC50 = 62. 12% ± 3. 83%, TU, = 1.6, LID = 8, was moderately/low toxic ; the secondary setting pool wastewater （process node 4） , ECs0 = 89. 10% 4- 1.43% , TU, = 1.1, LID = 4, was low toxic; the effluent sample, EC50 〉 100% , TUa 〈1.0, LID = 1, was not/slightly toxic. The results showed that the toxicity of wastewater samples was reduced gradually after each treatment, and a linear relationship was found between toxicity index and In ρ（CODcr）. In addition, the index, LID, can represent the toxic levels of wastewater samples more clearly.

关 键 词：制药废水 藻类 急性毒性 评价 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]