不同还田方式下木薯茎秆腐解及养分释放特征研究  

Research on characteristics of decomposing and nutrients releasing of cassava stalk under different ways returned to field

作　　者：邹雨坤[1,2] 李光义[1,2] 侯宪文[1,2] 胡杨[1,2] 陈运[1,2] 张雪华[1,2] 李勤奋[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海南海口571101 [2]农业部儋州农业环境科学观测实验站,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2014年第6期86-91,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203072-04);国家科技支撑计划子课题(2012BAC18B04);现代农业产业技术体系项目(nycytx-17)

摘　　要：采用网袋法,研究不同还田方式下木薯茎秆腐解及养分释放特征。结果表明：不同还田方式下,木薯茎秆在30-60 d腐解速度较快,在240 d时,覆土、覆土覆膜和仅覆膜处理下木薯茎秆的质量累积减少率分别为69.9%、80.8%和73.8%,表现为覆土覆膜〉覆膜〉覆土。腐解过程中木薯茎秆养分的释放速率表现为K〉P〉N≈C。240 d,碳、氮、磷、钾的累积释放率分别为69.9%-80.8%、78.1%-94.2%、87.3%-93.5%、97.4%-98.5%。考虑木薯茎秆还田养分的释放及碳氮比变化情况,木薯茎秆还田时可以适量减少基肥中钾肥的用量,并在还田后期结合木薯的生长情况适当配施氮肥;木薯茎秆还田最好采用覆土覆膜的方式。Net bags were employed to research characteristics of decomposing and nutrients releasing of cassava stalk under different ways returned to field. The results showed that the decomposing speed of cassava stalk was fast during 30 to 60 days under different ways returned to field. Under covered with soil,covered with soil and plastic film and covered with plastic film only,the accumulated decay rate was 69. 9%,80. 8% and 73. 8% respectively at the 240 th day,and was ranked as： covered with soil and plastic film covered with plastic film only covered with soil. Releasing speed of nutrients of cassava stalk ranked as： potassium phosphorus nitrogen≈ carbon. The accumulated releasing rates of carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium were 69. 9% - 80. 8%,78. 1% - 94. 2%,87. 3% - 93. 5% and 97. 4% - 98. 5% respectively at 240 th day.Considering both the nutrients releasing and carbon nitrogen ratio,it was suggested that the content of potassic fertilizer in base manure should be reduced and nitrogen fertilizer could be increased according to growth of cassava. The way of covered with soil and plastic film when returned cassava stalk to field could be the best choice.

关 键 词：木薯茎秆 还田方式 腐解特征 养分释放特征 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]