音乐训练延缓言语感知老龄化  

Musical Experience Alleviates the Aging in the Speech Perception in Noise

作　　者：王孟元[1] 宁睿婧 张雪岩[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学心理学院应用实验心理北京市重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2015年第1期22-29,共8页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(31200840);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金;北京师范大学自主科研基金项目(SKZZY2013034);北京师范大学心理学院自主科研基金项目(BNUPSY2014012)

摘　　要：听力正常的老年人常常受到噪声环境中言语感知能力下降的困扰。延缓这一类型的听觉老龄化具有重要的心理和社会意义。经历过音乐训练的老年人在噪声环境中的言语识别成绩显著高于听力相当但是未经历过音乐训练的老年人。此外,音乐训练也伴随着老年人的听觉脑干对言语信号的加工速度和时间精度的明显提高。这一言语信号神经表征的增强可能在音乐训练延缓老年人言语感知能力下降的过程中发挥了重要作用。Old adults with normal hearing often suffer from the loss in the ability of speech perception in noisy environment. Alleviation of this type of auditory aging has remarkably psychological and social benefits. Musical training significantly improves the speech perception of old adults in noisy environment. In addition, the timing and precision of auditory brainstem processing of speech signal in old adults are also enhanced if they have musical experience. This enhancement of neural processing appears to play an important rote in the speech-perception improvement induced by the musical training.

关 键 词：音乐训练 言语感知 老龄化 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] B842[哲学宗教—心理学]