杜仲叶渣固态发酵制备有机肥的工艺研究  

Process of Producing Organic Fertilizer by Solid-state Fermentation of Leaves Residual of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.

作　　者：张昌伟[1,2] 彭胜[1,2] 张琳杰[1,2] 王志宏[1,2] 周云雷[1,2] 彭密军[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]吉首大学林产化工工程湖南省重点实验室 [2]杜仲湖南省工程实验室,湖南张家界427000

出　　处：《林产化学与工业》2014年第6期141-145,共5页Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

基　　金：湖南省教育厅高校产业化培育项目(11CY015和12CY014);湖南省教育厅资助项目(13C758);吉首大学林产化工工程湖南省重点实验室开放项目(JDLC201208)

摘　　要：对杜仲叶渣固态发酵制备有机肥的工艺进行了研究。通过单因素分析了4个主要因素:菌种组合、液料比、葡萄糖添加量和发酵时间对杜仲叶渣中腐殖酸质量分数的影响。在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验优化了杜仲叶渣固态发酵工艺条件,并考察了所制备的有机肥的毒性。结果表明,杜仲叶渣最佳固态发酵工艺条件为:液料比2.0∶1(m L∶g),葡萄糖添加量1.5%,接入白腐菌和康宁木霉复合菌种,发酵6 d。此条件下,杜仲叶渣中的腐殖酸质量分数可达38.31%。毒性试验结果表明,上海青种子的发芽率均达到90%以上,证明制备的有机肥无毒。The preparation process of organic fertilizer by solid-state fermentation of leaves residual of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. was studied. Effects of four main factors, including bacteria combination, ratio of liquor to material, additive amount of glucose and fermentation time on the mass fraction of humic acid, were analyzed by using single factor method. Based on the single factor test, the process conditions of solid-state fermentation of Eucommia unmolds Oliv. were optimized by the orthogonal experiments method, and toxicity of the vested organic fertilizer was tested. The results showed that the optimum condition were the ratio of liquor to material 2. 0∶1, additive amount of glucose 1. 5%, and inoculating the composite bacteria of white rot fungus and Trichoderma koningii to the Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. , and fermentation time 6 days. In this experimental condition, the mass fraction of humic acid in the leaves residual of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. could reach 38. 31%. The results of toxicity test showed that the germination rate of brassica chinensis were all higher than 90%. It proved that the organic fertilizer prepared by leaves residual of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. was nontoxic.

关 键 词：杜仲叶渣 固态发酵 有机肥 毒性试验 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程] TQ440.9