典型国家城市化进程中的地质环境问题及对策研究  

GEO-ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND APPROACHES DURING URBANIZATION IN TYPICAL COUNTRIES

作　　者：孙璐[1] 邢丽霞[1] 郑跃军[1] 陈有鑑[1] 袁富强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质环境监测院,北京100081

出　　处：《资源与产业》2014年第6期129-135,共7页Resources & Industries

基　　金：国土资源大调查项目(1212011120066;1212011220101)

摘　　要：英国、美国、日本和墨西哥作为世界上不同城市化发展模式代表,已进入城市化末期阶段(城市化率在70%以上)。这些国家在城市化快速发展阶段,城市大规模建设、城市地下资源开发和城市生产生活废物排放等活动对地质环境产生了负面效应,引发了地下水资源衰减、地面沉降、突发性地质灾害、地下水污染、土壤污染、海水入侵、水土流失等地质环境问题。通过借鉴这些国家地质环境保护和管理的成功经验,科学开展城市规划管理、坚持立法和行政强制、加强地质环境监测工作、重视防治技术研发和应用等是协调我国城市化发展与地质环境可持续利用的重要途径。As representatives of different urbanization development modes,the UK,the US,Japan and Mexico have entered into the later stage of urbanization with urbanization rate above 70%. During their rapid urbanization period,large scale urban construction,urban underground resources development,and urban wastes impacted geological environment,leading to vast issues such as depletion of underground water,ground subsidence,emergency geology disasters,underground water pollution,soil pollution,sea water incursion,land erosion,etc. Their success in protecting and managing geological environment is of references for China to carry out urban planning,legislation,administration,monitoring,technical research and application in urban geology environment,which is also an approach to the sustainable development.

关 键 词：英国 美国 日本 墨西哥 城市化 地质环境问题 对策 

分 类 号：X141[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X321